Summary
Samenvatting "kredieten aan particulieren" door Lutgarde Laureys
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Samenvatting van alle theorie gecombineerd met notities uit de lessen van Lutgarde Laureys.
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SAMENVATTINGKREDIETEN AAN PARTICULIEREN
Lutgarde Laureys
2FV Hogent
Saidakbar Saidmukhamedov
,Saidakbar Saidmukhamedov 2FV
Inhoudsopgave
1. Algemene beginselen van kredietbemiddeling ............................................................................................ 3
1.1 Wetgevend kader ......................................................................................................................................... 3
1.2 Toegang tot kredietbemiddeling en sancties ................................................................................................ 4
1.3 Compliance ................................................................................................................................................... 4
1.4 Basisprincipes kredietverlening .................................................................................................................... 4
2. Het hypothecair krediet .............................................................................................................................. 5
2.1 Aankoopproces ............................................................................................................................................. 5
2.2 Wettelijke beginselen ................................................................................................................................... 6
2.2.1 Toepassingsgebied ................................................................................................................................ 6
2.2.2 Hypothecaire waarborgen .................................................................................................................... 7
2.2.3 Rentevoet ............................................................................................................................................. 7
2.2.4 Kosten en vergoedingen ....................................................................................................................... 8
2.3 Kosten ........................................................................................................................................................... 8
2.3.1 Aankoop onroerend goed ..................................................................................................................... 8
2.3.2 Kosten verbonden aan het hypothecair krediet ................................................................................. 10
2.4 Formules hypothecaire kredieten ............................................................................................................... 11
2.4.1 Kredietopening ................................................................................................................................... 11
2.4.2 Volgens opening ................................................................................................................................. 11
2.4.3 Volgens wijze terugbetaling ................................................................................................................ 11
2.4.4 Volgens rente ...................................................................................................................................... 12
2.4.5 Specifieke formules............................................................................................................................. 12
2.4.6 Variaties .............................................................................................................................................. 12
2.4.7 creatieve trends op de markt.............................................................................................................. 13
2.4.8 Variabele of vaste rentevoet .............................................................................................................. 13
2.5 Risicoanalyse en kredietacceptatie ............................................................................................................. 14
2.5.1 inleiding .............................................................................................................................................. 14
2.5.2 Kredietaanvragers ............................................................................................................................... 15
2.5.3 Doel, type en bedrag van het krediet ................................................................................................. 18
2.5.4 Zekerheden ......................................................................................................................................... 18
2.6 Fiscaliteit ..................................................................................................................................................... 21
2.6.1 Fiscaliteit van het woonkrediet in het Vlaams Gewest ....................................................................... 21
2.7 Wijzigingen tijdens de looptijd van het krediet........................................................................................... 24
2.7.1 Ontbinding van de overeenkomst ...................................................................................................... 24
2.7.2 Ongeoorloofde debetstand of overschrijding kredietopening ........................................................... 24
2.7.3 Vervroegde terugbetaling ................................................................................................................... 25
2.7.4 Hypotheekoverdracht of pandwissel .................................................................................................. 25
2.7.5 Doorhaling hypotheek ........................................................................................................................ 26
2.7.6 Herfinanciering lening ......................................................................................................................... 26
2.7.7 Problemen bij terugbetaling ............................................................................................................... 26
3. het consumentenkrediet........................................................................................................................... 28
3.1 wettelijke beginselen .................................................................................................................................. 28
3.2 Kredietvormen ............................................................................................................................................ 28
3.2.1 Lening op afbetaling (LOA).................................................................................................................. 28
1
,Saidakbar Saidmukhamedov 2FV
3.2.2 Verkoop op afbetaling (VOA) .............................................................................................................. 28
3.2.3 Financieringshuur ............................................................................................................................... 29
3.2.4 Kredietopening ................................................................................................................................... 29
3.2.5 Huurwaarborg ..................................................................................................................................... 29
3.3 Bescherming consument in precontractuele fase ....................................................................................... 31
3.3.1 Reclame .............................................................................................................................................. 31
3.3.2 Leuren ................................................................................................................................................. 31
3.3.3 Informatieplicht .................................................................................................................................. 31
3.3.4 Precontractuele informatieplicht........................................................................................................ 31
3.3.5 Raadpleging Centrale Kredieten aan particulieren ............................................................................. 32
3.3.6 Algemene gedragsregel ...................................................................................................................... 32
3.4 Sluiten kredietovereenkomst ...................................................................................................................... 32
3.4.1 Identificatie gegevens ......................................................................................................................... 32
3.4.2 Ondertekening kredietovereenkomst ................................................................................................ 32
3.4.3 Betaling ............................................................................................................................................... 32
3.4.4 Bedenktijd ........................................................................................................................................... 32
3.5 Risicoanalyse en kredietacceptatie ............................................................................................................. 33
3.5.1 Kredietaanvrager ................................................................................................................................ 33
3.5.2 Kredietbehoefte .................................................................................................................................. 33
3.5.3 Terugbetalingscapaciteit ..................................................................................................................... 33
3.5.4 Zekerheden ......................................................................................................................................... 33
3.6 Wijzigingen in het consumentenkrediet ..................................................................................................... 34
3.6.1 Vervroegde terugbetaling ................................................................................................................... 34
3.6.2 Beëindiging overeenkomst (opzegging) .............................................................................................. 34
3.6.3 Problemen bij terugbetaling ............................................................................................................... 34
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, Saidakbar Saidmukhamedov 2FV
1. Algemene beginselen van kredietbemiddeling
1.1 Wetgevend kader
Kredietbemiddeling
• Kredietbemiddelaars
• Leden bestuursorgaan kredietbemiddelaars
• Effectieve leiders van kredietbemiddelaars
• VVD van kredietbemiddelaars en kredietgevers
• PCP van kredietbemiddelaars en kredietgevers
Wetboek Economisch Recht (WER)
-> Boek VI
- bescherming ondernemingen tegen oneerlijke mededinging
- informatieverstrekking + bescherming van de consument
-> Boek VII
- controle op de kredietinstellingen
- bescherming consument
-> consument
- Natuurlijke person handelend voor privédoeleinden
-> onderneming
- natuurlijke/ rechtspersoon die op duurzame wijze een econ. doel nastreeft
Collectieve schuldenregeling
-> Doel: herstel financiële toestand van de schuldenaar
-> rechter: schuldbemiddelaar aanstellen
à beheren van schuldenregeling
à aanzuiveringsregel uitwerken
Privacywet
-> GDPR: General Dara Protection Regulation
à Waarborgen recht op eerbiedigen privéleven
Contractueel recht
-> 4 wettelijke vormvereisten
- Toestemming van de partijen
- bekwaamheid van de partijen
- bepaald voorwerp
- geoorloofde oorzaak
Huwelijksvermogensrecht
-> Primair huwelijksstelsel
- prioriteit en dwingend
- huishouden beschermen in het belang van het gezin en eventuele schuldeisers
- hoofdelijkheid mbt schulden en opvoedingskosten
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