Summary chapter 6 species and populations - Nectar biology 4 vwo
13 views 0 purchase
Course
Biologie
Level
VWO / Gymnasium
Book
Nectar / Biologie 4 Havo / deel Leerboek
!Let op: deze samenvatting is in het Engels!
Summary of chapter 6 species and populations of Nectar biology 4 vwo. This summary consists of a summary of chapter 6 and notes of my teacher.
Good luck!
Two criteria to determine whether individuals belong to the same species:
1. Agreement in appearance
2. Ability fertile offspring may getto
Today also used DNA analysis to determine whether two organisms of the same species
Species described = scientific name -> binomial nomenclature -> 2 parts:
1. The genus name -> with capital letter
2. The species designation -> with small letter
Sometimes there is an extra letter behind the name -> L -> name of addition / subspecies = geographically separated
group of congeners with slightly different characteristics
Taxonomy = the science that divides species into groups: (large to small)
1. Domains
2. Realms
3. Departments
4. Classes
5. Orders
6. Families
7. Genera
8. Species
9. Organisms
By breeding animals / cultivating plants -> variations -> races -> no part of taxonomy Taxonomy
distinguished 3 domains -> each with its own type of rRNA (ribosomal RNA):
- The archaea
- Prokaryotes -> single-celled without nuclear membrane
- Circular DNA lies loose in the cell
- The structure of the cell membrane -> the membrane consists of a single layer of phospholipids with long fat-
like tails
- Bacteria
- Cell membranes have a double layer of phospholipids
- Eukaryotes
- Cell membranes have a double layer of phospholipids
- DNA in the cell nucleus
Biologists use DNA research to arrive at a more reliable classification of species -> they analyze genes for proteins that
occur in many different organisms, such as the hemoglobin gene -> genes that mutate at a constant rate form a
molecular clock -> be able to determine which species are related and how long these species are present on earth:
- Almost the same hemoglobin gene = closely related species
- Mutations in the hemoglobin gene = less closely related species + longer since they split from a common ancestor
Hybrids = viable offspring of different species -> help to map family relationships between species -> DNA must be
largely the same
Asexual reproductionreproduce = without mating -> criterion fertile offspring is canceled
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller charlottefaassen. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $3.21. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
