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Samenvatting-Hoofdstuk4-membraanpotentiaal
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Samenvatting van het hoofdstuk 4 (deeltje cytologie) van het boek Cytologie en Histologie van Prof dr. Calders. Dit hoofdstuk gaat over de membraanpotentiaal
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4.2 De actiepotentiaal= een kortstondige voorgeleide omkeer (van negatief naar positief) van de rustmembraanpotentiaal.
Hart en spier contraheren
1) Fasen
Fase -1: stimulus vermindering membraanpotentiaal (depolaristatie) bereiken van drempel =
drempelpotentiaal
Fase 0: O.i.v depolarisatie: openen spannings-gevoelige natriumkanalen Natriuminflux Cel
depolariseert. Zeer snel
Inactiveringspoort sluit < -- > activeringspoort opent
Fase 1: Natriumkanalen sluiten Depolarisatie bereikt max
Fase 2: openen kalium-kanalen kalium-ionen naar buiten repolarisatie van de celmembraan In
hartspier openen ook calcium-kanalen calcium-ionen naar binnen depol van celmembraankalium-
efflux en calciuminflux in evenwichtplateau in membraanpotentiaalverloop
Fase 3: calcium-kanalen sluiten kalium-kanalen blijven open celmembraan repolariseert tot
rustmembraanpotentiaal
Fase 4: rustmembraanpotentiaal bereikt spanningsafhankelijke kanaal nog beetje open kleine hvlh
ionen naar buiten. Grotere polarisatie= Hyperpolarisatiefase
Membraan komt nadien in evenwicht door de Na+/Ka+-ATP-ase- en calciumpomp
!Poorten hebben verschillende snelheden. Verschil is snelheid. Activeringspoort= snel
Inactiveringspoort= traag.!
Zie nota’s les tekeningen
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