Detailed revision nots for AQA AS Level Chemistry - physical - 3.1.5. kinetics.
includes:
- collision theory
- Maxwell Boltzmann distribution
- effect of temperature
- effect of pressure
- effect of concentration
- catalyst
These study notes allowed me to get an A* at end of year 12 exa...
3. 1. 5. KINETICS
=
enables chemists to determine how change in conditions affects the speed of Chem reaction
.
3. 1. 5. 1. COLLISION THEORY
activation (Ea) to
energy required
minimum for reaction
energy
-
-
a occur
reactions can
only occur when collisions take place between particles HAVING SUFFICIENT ENERGY
-
energy equal
most collisions t reaction not
enough particles have or
greater than Ea
-
3. 1. 5.2 MAXWELL BOLTZMANN DISTRIBUTION the distribution of of molecules (question specific) at
energies a
- =
.
a
most probable particular temperature
number of ,
A:÷÷:*
molecules 1
atoms lions ,
average energy
particles no
upper limit
important features :
"
: :canomie:c::
"
item: one:times:: :: :*:
two particles
! no for a molecule no touch Kross of x-axis
mat
energy
-
!
thwarting :Yi:B molecules with
energy greater than equal to Ea are able to react
no
energy lost
from the
system when collide
-
of l
in sample gas liquid molecules & HAVE HIGH EVERY
:
some
-
MOVE FAST
MOVE SLOWLY & HAVE LOW ENERGY
MAJORITY -
AVERAGE ENERGY
increased temperature
µt
(more
energy)
lower peak higher peak
-
-
to the
right
-
c
decrease
:*:p::
'
y J
energy mmmm
Ea
catalyst lowers Ea energy
mmm
-
-
Ea
Eat catalyst Eat catalyst
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