Unit 1 SCLY1 - Culture and Identity; Families and Households; Wealth, Poverty and Welfare
Institution
AQA
Book
AQA A Level Sociology Book One Including AS Level
A* A-level AQA detailed Sociology notes on Families and Households. Condensed notes that include evaluation points making it easier to write essay plans. Has changed other consumers marks from 12/30- 29/30.
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, @ALevelRevisionFinds- Paper 2 AQA Families and Households
Paper 2- Families and Households
Topics:
− Couples:
♦ Domestic division of labour
♦ Equality within couples?
♦ Resources management and Decision-making
♦ Domestic Violence
− Theories of the family:
♦ Functionalist, Marxist, Feminist, Personal life perspective (PLP)
− Demography:
♦ Birth rate
♦ Deaths
♦ Ageing population
♦ Migration and Globalisation
− Childhood:
♦ Social construction of childhood
♦ Future of childhood
♦ Has the position of children improved?
− Changing family patterns:
♦ Divorce
♦ Changes to Marriage & Partnerships
♦ Changes to Children & Families
♦ Ethnic differences in family patterns
♦ The Extended family today
− Family diversity:
♦ Modernism and the nuclear family
♦ Post-Modernism and family diversity
− Families and Social Policy:
♦ A comparative view of family policy
♦ Perspectives on families and social policy
, @ALevelRevisionFinds- Paper 2 AQA Families and Households
Topic 1: Couples
The Domestic Division of Labour
Domestic division of labour: The roles that men and women play in relation to housework,
childcare and paid work.
In the traditional nuclear family, roles between the husband and wife are segregated, Parsons
says there is a clear division of labour in the family.
➢ Husband- INSTRUMENTAL ROLE- working full-time to provide for the family.
(Breadwinner)
➢ Wife- EXPRESSIVE ROLE- full-time housewife, meeting emotional needs of the family
and fulfilling primary socialisation.
*Parsons argues that the division is based on biological differences- Women seen as more
nurturing and men as the provider. He claims this division of labour is beneficial to the family
and wider society.
Criticisms of Parson’s view:
− *Wilmott & Young (Symmetrical family)- Men share more domestic tasks as more wives
become wage earners.
− Feminists- reject Parson’s view that the division of labour is natural and argue that it
only benefits men.
*BOTT- Joint and Segregated conjugal roles:
➢ Segregated conjugal roles- couple have separate roles (Male= Breadwinner, female=
Housewife). Leisure time is also separate.
➢ Joint conjugal roles- couples share tasks e.g. housework, childcare, leisure time.
♦ Key study: Young & Wilmott (Bethnal Green)
They found a pattern of segregated conjugal roles in traditional working- class extended families
in the 1950’s. Men= Breadwinners, didn’t do much housework, and spent leisure time in pubs
with their workmates. Women were full-time housewives, limited leisure time spent with other
female members of the family.
Wilmott & Young- The Symmetrical family:
➢ ‘March of progress’ view, family life gradually improving for all members, more equal over-
time.
➢ Symmetrical family- a family where the roles between husband and wife are much more
similar.
3 key changes:
▪ Women go out to work.
▪ Men now help with housework and childcare.
▪ Couples now spend leisure time together.
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