Resumen
Summary Actus reus notes
- Grado
- Institución
Actus reus revision notes
[Mostrar más]Vista previa 1 fuera de 3 páginas
Vista previa 1 fuera de 3 páginas
Añadir al carrito
Añadir al carrito
Vendedor
Seguir
lucielaclie
Vista previa del contenido
ACTUS REUSFramework = capacity – conduct – fault – defences
1) Actus Reus
physical conduct element of an offense – different from every offence; must always be present,
must be voluntary conduct
a) Conduct crimes: positive act OR failure to act/omission
a. Required proof
b. Act of an omission (where there’s duty situation)
b) Result crimes: producing a prohibited consequence/a result that is caused by an act or omission
a. Proof that defendant performed a particular act and that the act produced a certain result
(e.g: murder requires the act and dead victim)
c) Status offences: crime is committed when certain state of affairs exists/defendant is in certain
condition/defendant is of particular status
R v Larsonneur: prior fault not necessary
Winzar v Chief Constable of Kent: don’t need to be directly responsible for prohibited status
2) Omissions
No general duty to act positively for the benefit of someone else
R v Miller: Lord Diplock stated that damage can be caused by failing to take reasonable steps to
mitigate a danger created by one’s self.
- Positive duties interfere with our liberty to act as we wish
- Logic of result crimes = D caused prohibited result
- Policy reasons
No general duty however:
a) Special relationships -> R v Evans: although injection was voluntary act of victim, a duty to
take care of the victim was present, and breached by omission
R v Downes: parent didn’t call doctor
b) Assumption of responsibility -> direct taking care of an individual, indirect voluntary
assumption of responsibility
R v Instan: Failure to feed an ill person suffering from a disease -> death had been
accelerated due to neglect
c) Responsibility under contract -> R v Pittwood: “A man might incur criminal liability from a
duty arising out of contract”
d) Responsibility under statute -> where Parliament has included an omission to act within
definition of an offence
R v Lowe: failed to call doctor for ill 9-week-old child = s1(1) Children and Young Persons
Act 1933
e) Where D creates dangerous situation -> R v Miller: Drunk man falls asleep and sets fire to
the mattress and leaves the room to another = failed to minimise the dangerous outcomes of
his actions, eg: put the fire out, s1 criminal damage act 1971
Los beneficios de comprar resúmenes en Stuvia estan en línea:
Garantiza la calidad de los comentarios
Compradores de Stuvia evaluaron más de 700.000 resúmenes. Así estas seguro que compras los mejores documentos!
Compra fácil y rápido
Puedes pagar rápidamente y en una vez con iDeal, tarjeta de crédito o con tu crédito de Stuvia. Sin tener que hacerte miembro.
Enfócate en lo más importante
Tus compañeros escriben los resúmenes. Por eso tienes la seguridad que tienes un resumen actual y confiable. Así llegas a la conclusión rapidamente!
Preguntas frecuentes
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
100% de satisfacción garantizada: ¿Cómo funciona?
Nuestra garantía de satisfacción le asegura que siempre encontrará un documento de estudio a tu medida. Tu rellenas un formulario y nuestro equipo de atención al cliente se encarga del resto.
Who am I buying this summary from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller lucielaclie. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy this summary for $8.16. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
45,681 summaries were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy summaries for 15 years now
Vistos recientemente
