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Summary lecture 4: digestive system (histology)
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Lecture 4: Digestive system Able to recognize and name different
tissue membranes, and know their
characteristics
Able to recognize and name different
tunicae (tissue layers) of the digestive
system, and know their functions
Able to explain the different cell types
each tunica is made of, and how this
relates to the function of that tunica.
Able to explain how innervation of the
digestive system is organized
Tissue membranes Physical barrier that covers a tissue.
Contains an epithelium layer that is
Tissue membranes supported by a connective tissue layer.
from epithelia and
connective tissue A = mucous
make up four types B = serous
of physical barriers. C = cutaneous
D = synovial
Form physical
barriers, by lining or
covering body
surfaces.
Mucous membrane Line passageways or chambers that open
or mucosae to the exterior (digestive system, respiratory
system). Epithelia surface is kept moist to:
- reduce friction
- improve absorption or secretion
Epithelial surfaces are lubricated either bu
mucus produced by mucous cells, or by
fluids, such as urine or semen. Manu
mucous membranes contain simple epithelia that perform absorptive or secretory
functions, such as the simple columnar epithelium of the digestive tract. However other
types of epithelia may be involved, e.g. stratified squamous epithelium.
Serous membrane Line passageways or chambers that
are not open to the exterior (e.g.
peritoneal cavity). Are very thin and
firm.
Primary function is to minimize
friction between surfaces that it
covers. Each serous can be divided
into a parietal portion (lines the inner surface of the cavity) and the opposing visceral
organs/ serosa (covers the outer surfaces of visceral organs).
Transudate: liquid to reduce friction. Cover the organs (serosa).
These membranes consist of a mesothelium (is very thin and permeable, and tissue fluids
continuously diffuse onto the exposed surfaces, keeping them moist and slippery)
supported by areolar tissue. There are three types of serous membranes: peritoneum,
pleura, pericardium.
Slippery fluid secreted by the mesothelium of a serous membrane = serous fluid/
transudate.
Cutanous - Skin that covers surface of the
membrane body.
- Thick, waterproof and dry
- Consists of a keratinized
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