Class notes
Physiology of the urinary system
- Course
- Institution
- Book
Detailed anatomy and physiology or the urinary system
[Show more]
Connected book
Book Title:
Author(s):
- Edition:
- ISBN:
- Edition:
More summaries for
-
TEST BANK FOR ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY. OPENSTAX 2ND EDITION (ALL CHAPTERS). NEWEST UPDATE 2024 A+
-
OpenStax Microbiology Test Bank / OSX Microbiology Test Bank - Chapter 01 to Chapter 26
-
Test Bank For Anatomy and Physiology, 2nd Edition, by OpenStax||Chapters 1-27 NEW
Seller
Follow
kathrynbeaudry
Content preview
Chapter 25 – urinary system1. Anatomy review
2. The nephron
3. Urine formation
4. Urine concentration and volume
5. Renal clearance
6. Urine characteristics and micturition
Function of kidneys
- Kidneys, a major excretory organ, maintain the body’s internal environment by:
o Regulating total water volume and total solute concentration in water
o Regulating ion concentrations in extracellular fluid (ECF)
o Ensuring long-term acid-base balance
o Excreting metabolic wastes, toxins, drugs
o Producing erythropoietin (regulates blood pressure) and renin (regulates RBC production)
The nephron: functional unit of the kidney
- Nephrons: structural and functional units that form urine
o >1 million per kidney
o Two main parts:
1. Renal corpuscle
2. Renal tubule
- Renal corpuscle – 2 parts
o 1. Glomerulus
▪ Tuft of capillaries composed of fenestrated
endothelium
• Highly porous capillaries
• Allows for efficient filtrate formation
o 2. Glomerular capsule
▪ Also called bowman’s capsule: cup-shaped,
structure surrounding glomerulus
, - renal tubule – 3 parts (about 3 cm)
o 1. Proximal convoluted tubule (PCT)
▪ Proximal, closest to renal corpuscle
▪ Cuboidal cells with dense microvilli
▪ Increase surface area/also have large
mitochondria
▪ Increase cells capacity to reabsorb water
o 2. Nephron loop
▪ “loop of Henle”
▪ U-shaped structure consisting of two
limbs
• 1. Descending limb
• 2. Ascending limb
o 3. Distal convoluted tubule
▪ Distal, fartest from renal corpuscle
▪ Function more in secretion than
reabsorption
▪ Confined to cartex
- Collecting ducts
Two major groups of nephrons
1. Cortical nephrons
o Make up 85% of nephrons
o Almost entirely in cortex
2. Juxtamedullary nephrons
o Long nephron loops deeply invade medulla
o Ascending limbs have thick and thin segments
o Important in production of concentrated urine
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller kathrynbeaudry. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $8.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
56326 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now