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Samenvatting van bijlage 1 van algemene chemie aan UGent
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Samenvatting van bijlage 1 van algemene chemie aan UGent
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zaterdag 10 oktober 2020ALGCH: Bijlage 2
Naamvorming in de organische chemie
1. Covalente verbindingen met enkel C en H
A. Types koolwatersto en
B. Naamgeving alkanen
‣ Normaalalkanen: rechte structuur, geen vertakkingen
Soms voorvoegsel “n-“ om aan te geven dat het gaat om een lineair
alkaan
CH4 methaan
C2H6 ethaan
C3H8 propaan
C4H10 n-butaan
C5H12 n-pentaan
C6H14 n-hexaan
C7H16 n-heptaan
‣ Vertakte alkanen:
vertakkingen = substituenten
alkylgroepen (aangegeven met letter R); achtervoegsel -yl: wordt
verkregen door afsplitsing H-atoom
CH4 methaan methyl-, CH3 Me
C2H6 ethaan ethyl-, C2H5 Et
C3H8 propaan propyl-, C3H7 n-Pr
C4H10 n-butaan butyl-, C4H9 n-Bu
C5H12 n-pentaan pentyl-, C5H11 n-Pent
1
ff
, zaterdag 10 oktober 2020
Vb naamgeving:
Merk op: 3 verschillende manieren om KWS voor te stellen
Manier 1 Manier 2 Manier 3
C. Naamgeving alkenen
‣ Onverzadigde koolwatersto en met ten minste één
dubbele binding tussen C=C met uitgang -een
2,3-dimethyl-1-buteen
D. Naamgeving alkynen
‣ Uitgang -yn
3-methylpent-4-en-1-yn
2
ff
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