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Lecture notes study book Introductory Foods of Marion Bennion, Barbara Scheule - ISBN: 9780132739276 (consumer education)
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MODULE 5: CONSUMER EDUCATIONMODULE OUTLINE:
Discuss the present food situation in South Africa
Describe types of malnutrition
Explain factors influencing malnutrition in South Africa
Discuss three possible solutions to malnutrition
Technological
Food production and distribution
Health and education programs
Explain the steps in planning a nutritional education program for your community.
MODULE OUTCOMES
The student must be able
To plan a nutrition education program aimed at reducing nutritional problems in their
community
To analyze the basic food consumed (flour, bread, maize meal) in East London and
compare with the minimum regulatory act of fortified food in South Africa
(Published under Act No 54 of 1972 Foodstuffs, Cosmetics and Disinfectants).
To give recommendations to the Department of Health on how to reduce malnutrition
in South Africa
1
, PRESENT DAY FOOD SITUATION IN SOUTH AFRICA P/17-18
Population increase
Eastern Cape’s population increased from 6,6 million in 2011 to 7 million in 2016
making it the third most populated province in the country,
Behind Gauteng (13.4 million) and KwaZulu-Natal (11.1 million).
number of households in the province-increased to 1.8 million in 2016, from 1,7
Household income
One-third of the household has a monthly income of R500-R1500
One out of five households have a mother who is a wage earner
Dependence on social grants
No income-living on hand-outs
Hosing problem
Nearly two-thirds (65,1% or 1,2 million)-households stay informal dwellings-
Almost a quarter reside (26,6% or 471 699) in traditional dwellings
Less than a tenth (7.4% or 130 885) live in informal houses .million in 2011.
Access to clean water
Three-quarters of households in the Eastern Cape (75% have access to municipality
piped water –positive
Electricity access
The proportion of households with access to electricity - increased from 36.2% in
1996 to 85, 4% in 2016.
2011. 75% of Eastern Cape households had access to electricity-positive
Flush toilets
The number of households with access to a flush/chemical toilet increased from
776 222 to 928 332 in 2016 in the Eastern Cape.
QUESTION: Explain how the above situation can affect food safety and food security of
South African households?
2
, TERMINOLOGIES:
Consumer education:
The planned use of any educational process to modify food and nutrition behaviour in the
pursuit of improved health.
Malnutrition:
Definition: a condition that develops when the body, does not get the right amount of
the vitamins, minerals, and nutrients needed to maintain healthy tissues and organ
Malnutrition is caused by food insecurity in the household. It depends on the following
factors; food availability, food accessibility, food utilisation
Food insecurity:
Lack of access to sufficient amounts of safe and nutritious food for normal growth and
development for an active and healthy life.
Food availability:
Definition: Total quantities of food available including domestic food production,
international importation and efficiency of food distribution.
Total quantities of food available, including:
domestic food production-how much do we produce/is it enough for all
people at all the times (Department of Agriculture food and forestry-
DAFF)
international importation-we export to get foreign currency to purchase
other goods/food not available in our country
the efficiency of food distribution-a good infrastructure of flight, rail, road
transport (e.g. Minister of transport and roads/municipality-Buffalo city
municipality)
Food availability is dependent on the following factors:
Performance of the Department of Agriculture’s performance to
produce food for the country.
Country ability to import food and export food.
Post-harvest storage-how much the country produced food
Processing food –high food production in the country.
Distribution systems-able to distribute food to the people in various
areas, including rural areas -transport system in the country-
railway/flights/road should be in place.
3
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