Summary
Summary GRS10306 Introduction Geo-information science
- Course
- Institution
This is a summary based on the lectures that were given during the course Introduction Geo-Information science.
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
jvanetten
Content preview
Summary Introduction Geo-Information Science
Geo-Information Science
Lecture One: Introduction geo-information science
Geo information: Information connected to a location on earth.
Geo-information Science: the discipline dedicated to capture, storage, analysis, presentation,
exchange and use of geographical/geospatial data.
Geo-data is at the basis of mapping and measurement, monitoring, modelling and management.
Lecture Two: From real world into geo-data 1
Describing reality: Thematic description (what), Geometrical description (where), Temporal
description (when), who.
Earth
Database and Spatial perception
application by files Depends on the person and the goal:
and programs -
-
Knowledge
Research goal
- Purpose
- Users
- …
Things that are important with
respect to definition, level of detail
and scales
Data structure Spatial
geometric/thematic representation by
by a data model an information
model
Discrete phenomena:
- Thematic
- Categorical
- Discontinuous
- Objects. Boundary determines value.
Continuous phenomena: function of the location. Fields. Location determines value.
Representing continuous fields:
- Regular spaced sample points
- Irregular set of sample points
, - Regular shaped cells
- Triangular networks (TIN)
- Isolines
Tangible phenomena: can be seen in the real world.
Virtual phenomena: cannot be seen in the real world.
Vector: Objects in the vector data model:
- Point
o 0 dimensions
o Only location
- Line (polyline)
o 1 dimension
o Location, length, shape
- Area (polygon)
o 2 dimensions
o Location, length, area, shape
Raster: Objects in the raster data model:
- Cell
- Raster
- Point: singe cell
- Line: sequence of neighbouring cells
- Area: collection of contiguous cells
- Clusters of contiguous raster cells with the same value are called a region. All regions
with the same value make up a zone.
Lecture Three: From real world into geo-data 2
Geometry:
- Location and orientation
o Coordinate system
o Coordinates
o Units
- Shape and size (dimension)
- Topology
o About the spatial relationship/ configuration between objects and/ or between
primitives of the geometry representation.
o Relative location of spatial objects.
o Invariant for coordinate transformation
Attributes properties:
A table consists Attributes which have a measurement scale (nominal, ordinal, interval, ratio), an
attribute domain a data type and relations with other attributes.
Relational data model: A collection of tables, which can be related to each other by key attributes
whose values can uniquely identify a record in a table.
, ‘Integer’ raster:
- Nominal, ordinal
- Value attribute table (VAT)
‘Floating point’ raster:
- Interval, ratio
- No value attribute table
Lecture Four: Geodata acquisition
What data is needed?
- Data framework
o Administrative units
o Land cover/use
o Field survey
How to get these data? HHI
- Harvesting data by the web
o Spatial data infrastructure
o Metadata
o Portals/ registry/ clearinghouses
o Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI)
A coordinated series of agreements on standards. Policies and technologies
to support the efficient use of geo-data. It is about facilitation and
coordination of the finding, exchange and sharing of geo-data.
- Handling (desktop creating data strategies)
o Using data which is not immediately useful
o Digitizing/scanning of hardcover maps
o Digital editing to create geo-data
o Remote sensed Data Classification
o Derive orthogonal data by Photogrammetry: to retrieve orthogonal geodata by
using overlapping (stereo-pairs) photo’/ images/ footage.
- In situ (field measuring strategies)
Clinton’s Geo-data initiative: “Coordinating Geographic Data Acquisition and Access: The National
Spatial Data Infrastructure”. Standardized documentation of data.
INSPIRE Directive (2007-2019): EU spatial data infrastructure.
Webservices: 3-tier architecture:
1. Presentation tier: Access of webservices
2. Application tier: Interoperability of webservices
3. Data tier: Servers with Data and Metadata
WCS: Web Coverage Service (raster): web-based retrieval of raster data.
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller jvanetten. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $3.74. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
50843 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now