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Tema 9: Fisiologia gastrointestinal
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TEMA 9: FISIOLÒGIA GASTROINTESTINAL1. INTRODUCCIÓ
Processos que tenen lloc al tracte GI
- Digestió de l’aliment
- Absorció de nutrients i aigua
- Progressió ordenada de l’aliment en cadascun dels diversos trams del tracte GI
- Eliminació de substàncies de residu
1.1 Segments longitudinals
1
, 2. ANATOMIA FISIOLÒGICA DEL TRACTE GI
Trobem una estructura en capes en el tracte GI molt similar en els diferents trams. En el
budell:
3. REGULACIÓ GENERAL DE LA FUNCIÓ GI
Presenta una regulació dual:
1. Regulació hormonal on intervenen algunes hormones
2. Regulació nerviosa
- Intrínseca: Ve donada per les propies neurones que formen part intrínseca
del tub digestiu (dels plexes nerviosos). Formen el sistema nerviós entèric.
- Extrínseca: Ve donada bàsicament pel sistema nerviós autònom. En el GI, el
SNA simpàtic l’inhibeix i el SNA parasimàtic l’estimula.
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