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Class notes ANATOMY [Appendicular Muscles]
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  • Course
  • Anatomy
  • Institution
  • Centro Escolar University
  • Book
  • Clinical Anatomy by Regions

High yield and organized summary of the appendicular muscles containing the origin, insertion, innervation, and its action. This was compiled in a tabular form for easy and efficient studying of the Appendicular muscular system.

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Document information

  • June 25, 2021
  • 6
  • 2020/2021
  • Class notes
  • Flordeliza dejesus
  • All classes

Subjects

  • anatomy
  • appendicular muscles
  • muscular system
  • upper extremity
  • lower extremity

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ANATOMY
Appendicular Muscles
OUTLINE
I. Muscles of the Upper Extremities
a. Muscles of the Deltoid and Pectoral regions
b. Muscle of Scapular region
c. Superficial back muscles
d. Muscles of the arm
i. Anterior arm muscles
ii. Posterior arm muscles
e. Muscles of the forearm
i. Posterior forearm muscles
ii. Lateral forearm muscles
iii. Anterior forearm muscles
f. Muscles of the hand SUPERFICIAL BACK MUSCLES
i. Hypothenar muscles
ii. Thenar muscles MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION NERVE ACTION
II. Muscles of the Lower Extremities
a. Muscles of the gluteal region SUPPLY
b. Thigh Muscles Trapezius Occipital bone, Upper fibers Spinal part of Upper fibers elevate
c. Leg muscles ligamentum into lateral 3rd accessory scapula; Middle fibers
d. Dorsum of the foot nuchae, spine of of clavicle; nerve (motor) pull scapula medially;
e. Muscles of the sole of the foot 7th cervical Middle & and C3 &4 Lower fibers pull
vertebra, spines Lower fibers (sensory) medial border of
of all thoracic into acromion Nerve roots: scapula downward
Appendicular Muscles- muscles of the upper and lower vertebrae & spine of CN XI (spinal
scapula part)
extremities and are attached to the appendicular skeleton Latissimus Iliac crest, Floor of Thoracodorsal Extends, adducts, &
dorsi Lumbar fascia, bicipital groove nerve medially rotates the
Spines of lower 6 of humerus Nerve roots: arm
MUSCLES OF THE UPPER EXTREMITIES vertebrae, Lower C6, 7, 8
3 or 4 ribs, and
MUSCLES OF DELTOID AND PECTORAL REGION Inferior angle of
scapula
Levator Transverse Medial C3 &4 and Raises medial border
MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION NS ACTION scapulae processes of 1st border of dorsal scapular of scapula
4 cervical nerve
Lateral 3 rd of Middle of Axillary nerve Abducts arm; scapula
Deltoid vertebrae Nerve roots:
clavicle, lateral surface anterior fibers flex & C3, 4, 5
acromion, of shaft of Nerve roots: C5, 6 medially rotate arm;
spine of humerus posterior fibers Rhomboid Ligamentum Dorsal Raises medial border
minor nunchae and scapular nerve of scapula upward &
scapula extend & laterally
Spines of 7 th Nerve roots: medially
rotate arm
cervical & C4, 5
thoracic
Pectoralis Clavicle, Lateral lip of Medial & Lateral Adducts arm & vertebrae
major sternum, & bicipital pectoral nerves rotates it medially;
Rhomboid Second to the 5 th Raises medial border
upper 6 groove of from brachial clavicular fibers also major thoracic spines of scapula upward &
costal humerus plexus flex arm medially
cartilages
Nerve roots: C5, 6,
7, 8; T1 Serratus Upper 8 ribs Medial border Long thoracic Draws the forward
anterior and Inferior nerve anterior around the
angle of Nerve roots: thoracic wall; Rotates
Pectoralis 3rd, 4th , & 5th Coracoid Medial pectoral Depresses point of scapula C5, 6, 7 scapula
minor ribs process of nerve from brachial shoulder; if the
scapula plexus scapula is fixed, it
elevates the ribs of
Nerve roots: C6, 7, origin
8 MUSCLES OF THE ARM

Subclavius 1st costal clavicle Nerve to Depresses clavicle & ANTERIOR ARM MUSCLES
cartilage subclavius from steadies it during
upper trunk of movements of the
brachial plexus shoulder girdle
MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION NS ACTION

Nerve roots: C5, 6 Coraco Coracoid Medial aspect Musculocutaneous Flexor of elbow;
brachialis process of of shaft of nerve flexes arm and
scapula humerus also weak
Nerve roots: C5, adductor
6, 7
MUSCLES OF SCAPULAR REGION
Biceps Long head: Tuberosity of Musculocutaneous Flexor of elbow
Brachii Supraglenoid radius & nerve joint and
MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION NS ACTION
tubercle of bicipital supinator of
scapula aponeurosis Nerve roots: C5, forearm; Weak
Supraspinatus Supraspinous Greater Suprascapular Abducts arm & Short head: into deep 6, flexor of
fossa of tuberosity of nerve stabilizes Coracoid fascia of shoulder joint
scapula humerus; shoulder joint process of forearm
capsule of Nerve roots: C4, 5, scapula
Infraspinatus Infraspinous shoulder joint 6 Laterally rotates
fossa of arm & stabilizes Brachialis Front of lower Coronoid Flexor of
scapula shoulder joint half of process of elbow
humerus
ulna
Teres major Lower 3 rd of Medial lip of Lower subscapular Medially rotates &
lateral border bicipital groove nerve adducts arm and
of scapula of humerus stabilizes
Nerve roots: C6, 7 shoulder joint

Teres minor Upper 2/3 of Greater Axillary nerve Laterally rotates
lateral border tuberosity of arm & stabilizes
of scapula humerus; Nerve roots: C4, 5, shoulder joint
capsule of 6
shoulder joint

Subscapularis Subscapular Lesser Upper & lower Medially rotates
fossa tuberosity of subscapular nerves arm & stabilizes
humerus shoulder joint
Nerve roots: C5, 6,
7




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, ANATOMY
Appendicular Muscles
POSTERIOR ARM MUSCLES Deep Layer
MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION NS ACTION MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION NS ACTION
Supinator Lateral Neck and Deep branch Supination of
Triceps Long Infraglenoid epicondyle of Shaft of radius of radial nerve forearm
brachii head tubercle of humerus, (Post.
scapula Anular ligament Interosseous
of proximal nerve)
Upper half of Radial radioulnar joint, Nerve roots:
Lateral Olecranon Extends
and Ulna C5, 6
head post. surface of process nerve forearm/ Abductor Posterior Base of 1st Deep branch Abducts and extends
shaft of
elbow pollicis surface of metacarpal of radial nerve thumb
humerus Nerve shafts of radius bone (Post.
roots: longus
and ulna Interosseous
C6, 7, 8 Posterior Base of nerve) Extends
Extensor
pollicis surface of proximal Nerve roots: metacarpophalangeal
Medial Lower half of shafts of radius phalanx of C7, 8 joints of thumb
brevis
head post. surface of thumb
shaft of Extensor Posterior Base of distal Extends distal phalanx
humerus pollicis surface of phalanx of of thumb
shafts of radius thumb
longus
and ulna
Extensor Extensor Extends
indicis expansion of metacarpophalangeal
index finger joints of index finger




LATERAL FOREARM MUSCLES
MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION NS ACTION

Brachioradilis Lateral Base of styloid Radial nerve Flexes forearm at
supracondylar process of radius elbow joint;
ridge of Nerve roots: Rotates forearm to
humerus C5, 6, 7 the midprone
position

Extensor Posterior surface Radial nerve Extends and
MUSCLES OF THE FOREARM carpi radialis of base of 2nd abducts hand at
metacarpal bone Nerve roots: wrist joint
longus
C6, 7
POSTERIOR FOREARM MUSCLES

Superficial Layer
ANTERIOR FOREARM MUSCLES
MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION NS ACTION
Superficial Layer
Extensor Lateral Posterior surface Deep branch of Extends and
carpi epicondyle of base of 3rd radial nerve (Post. Abducts hand at
radialis of metacarpal bone Interosseous nerve) wrist joint MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION NS ACTION
brevis humerus Nerve roots: C7, 8
Pronator Humeral head: Lateral aspect Median nerve Pronation and
Extensor Middle and Distal Extends fingers
Teres Medial epicondyle of shaft of flexion of
digitorum phalanges of and hand
of humerus radius Nerve roots: C6, 7 forearm
medial 4 fingers
Ulnar head: Medial
border of coronoid
Extensor Extensor Extends process of ulna
digiti expansion of little metacarpal
finger phalangeal joint
minimi Flexor Medial Bases of 2nd & Flexes and
of little finger
carpi epicondyle of 3rd metacarpal abducts hand
bones at wrist joint
Extensor Base of 5th Extends and radialis humerus
carpi metacarpal Abducts hand at
wrist joint Palmaris Flexor Median nerve Flexes hand
ulnaris bone
longus retinaculum &
Palmar Nerve roots: C7, 8
Anconeus Lateral surface of Radial nerve (Post. Extends elbow
aponeurosis
olecranon process Interosseous nerve) joint
of ulna
Flexor Humerus head: Pisiform bone, Ulnar nerve Flexes and
Nerve roots: C7, 8;
T1 carpi Medial epicondyle hook of the abducts hand
of humerus hamate, base Nerve roots: C8; at wrist joint
ulnaris
Ulnar head: Medial at 5th T1
aspect of olecranon metacarpal
process & Post. bone
border of ulna




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