Brief and organized explanation of the joints of the body. It contains different types of joints and their definition as well as tabulated summary of the joint the articular system.
Anatomy Comprehensive Notes on Large Intestine, Superior and Inferior Mesenteric Arteries and Veins associated structures
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ANATOMY
Articular System
CARTILAGINOUS JOINT
OUTLINE
I. Functional Joints • articulating bones are united by cartilage
a. Synarthroses • Lack a joint cavity
b. Amphiarthroses • Not highly movable
c. Diarthroses
II. Structural Joints Types
a. Fibrous
b. Cartilaginous • Syndrochoses/Primary- bones united by hyaline
c. Synovial joints cartilage
i. Plane
o Ex: Epiphyseal plates, 1st sternocostal joints
ii. Hinge
iii. Pivot • Symphyses/Secondary- bones united by
iv. Condyloid fibrocartilage
v. Saddle o Ex: Intervertebral discs, Pubic symphysis
vi. Ball and socket joints
III. Structural and Functional Classification of some joints of
the upper limb
IV. Structural and Functional Classification of some joints of
the lower limb
Articular System- consists of joints and their associating
ligaments, connecting the bony parts of the skeletal system and
providing the sites at w/c movements occur
• Arthrology- scientific study of joints
o arthro means joint
• Joint- site where two or more bones come together,
whether or not movement occurs between them
FUNCTIONAL JOINTS
- Focuses on the amount of movement allowed
SYNOVIAL JOINT
• Synarthroses- immovable joints
o Skull sutures, Manubriosternal joints • Most movable joints of the body
• Amphiarthroses- slightly movable joints • All are diarthroses
o Pubic symphysis, IV discs • Each synovial joint contains a fluid-filled joint cavity
• Diarthroses- freely movable joints • Most joints of the body are in this class, especially
o Shoulder joint, Elbow joints, those in the limbs
Metacarpophalangeal joints
PLANE JOINT
STRUCTURAL JOINTS
• Articular surfaces are essentially flat planes
• Based on the material that binds the bones together • Only short gliding or translational movements are
and, on the presence or absence of a joint cavity allowed
• Movement may be in multiple directions, but occurs
FIBROUS JOINT only along the plane of the joint surface
• Ex: Intertarsal joints, Intercarpal joints, and Joints
• Bones are connected by fibrous tissue (dense regular
between the articular process of the vertebrae
CT)
• No joint cavity is present
• Most are immovable or only slightly movable
Types
• Sutures- joint held together w/ very short
interconnecting fibers, and bone edges interlock
• Syndesmoses- joint held together by a ligament
• Gomphoses- peg-in socket fibrous joint
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