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Summary The League of Nations and International Peace
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Summary of the League of Nations' structure and the measures it took to attempt to maintain peace. AQA GCSE History: Conflict and Tension interwar years
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The League of Nations and International PeaceStructure of the LoN: Aims/terms of the LoN:
Assembly Discourage aggression
Made up of a representative from each member Encourage co-operation
between countries
The USA was not a member of the LoN
Encourage disarmament
Council
Improve living and working
Britain, France, Italy and Japan = permanent
conditions
Temporary members elected for 3-year periods
Members had to disarm
Could impose sanctions
Members had to protect
Moral, economic, military each other from aggression
under Article X of the
Main purpose was to resolve disputes Covenant
Commissions
Aimed to tackle global issues
e.g. abolishing slavery, improving health
Disputes in the 1920s: Vilna 1920
Fiume 1919 Medieval capital of Lithuania – ToV gave
Lithuania independence back
Fiume = small port made part of Yugoslavia by
the Treaty of St Germain 30% population Polish, only 2% Lithuanian
Seized by Italian Nationalists who claimed it had Poles seized control of city
been granted to Italy
Moral sanction given by LoN, which was
An Italian (d’Annunzio) governed Fiume for 15 ignored
months
Lithuania invaded Memel in 1923 as a
No action taken by LoN response, which was under LoN supervision
Italy eventually removed d’Annunzio from power LoN took no action
Aaland Islands 1921
Both Sweden and Finland claimed possession of islands
LoN ruled that they belonged to Finland, on the condition that no defences were built
Both sides accepted ruling, still in force today
Proved that LoN could be effective, provided no one opposed their decisions
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