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Summary Physical Geography Case Studies - Alevel Edexcel Pearson
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Physical Geography Case Studies - Alevel Edexcel Pearson
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Tectonics:- earthquakes: Christchurch, Haiti water cycle
- volcanoes: Mt Pinatubo, Kilauea, EFJ - drought: australia (human activity), california, brazil
- tsunamis: indian ocean, Japan - storms: desmond, eva
- risk: Middle East, Vanatu - human disruption of drainage basin: ??Amazon (dont have)
- river regimes: ?? (spec says Yukon, Amazon, Indus)
Coasts - impacts of climate change: Sahel (LIC), Murray Darling (HIC),
- low energy: mediterranean/ east anglian Thailand, Gambia
- high energy: atlantic - water conflict: Nile, Mekong
- discordant: dorset swanage bay - managing water supply: desalination, china south/north water transfer,
- concordant: dorset lulworth cove dam???, sustianable scemes?? (singapore)
- coastal plain: the Wash
- holderness carbon cycle
- impacts of climate change: waddensea, amrum, - impact on fossil fuel combusion: arctic, hydrological cycle,
kiribati (env. refugees) - eneergy consumption: urban, rural, domestic, foreign
- coastal recession: nile delta (climate change), - high supply of fossil fuels:
holderness (dredging), aswan dam (egypt), - high demand for fossil fuels: China
Maldives (economic/social) - national comparions (uk vs norway?)
- coastal flooding: bangladesh, netherlands and uk - energy pathways: russia
(storm surge), australia (HIC), philippines (LIC) - unconventional fossil fuels: canadian tar sands, usa fracking, brazilian
- management: mangroves for the future deep water oil
(sustainable), Mappleton (advance the line), - alternatives to fossil fuels: changing uk energy mix, biofuels in brazil
withernsea (hold the line), managed retreat (kilnsea - amazon drought (?)
and spurn point), no active intervention
(happisburgh)
- policy decisions leading to conflict: chittagong,
norfolk
,Tectonics
, Case study country
Case study country
Vulnerability and resilience ● Unequal access to edu - Turkey
Examples of plate ● Housing - Bam, Iran, vs Cali
boundaries ● Health care - Gujarat, India
● Urbanisation - Tokyo, Haiti,
Intraplate activity ● Earthquakes: UK Taipei
● Volcanoes: Hawaii ● Income opportunities - Mount
merapi
Volcanic Hazards ● Ash fall - Mt Pinatubo ● Pop. density - Japan and Indo
● Pyroclastic flow - ● Governance -
● Lava Flows - Mt Etna ● Accessibility - Kashmir,
● Gas Eruptions - Mt Pinatubo Vanuatu
● Lahars - Mt Pinatubo
● Jokulhlaups - EFJ Different tsunami examples Alaska, Indo and jpn,
and factors
Tsunamis ● Tohoku 2011
● Indian Ocean Different volcanic examples Mt Pinotubo, iceland,
and factors
Social and economic ● LIC - Haiti earthquake
Disaster trends Since 1960
impacts ● EC - China
● HIC - Christchurch
Mega-disasters and their Tohoku, Eyjafjallajokull, mt pinatubo,
impacts Indian ocean tsunami
Comparing hazard profiles ● Haiti and Christchurch
Multiple hazard zones Philippines
Predicting and forecasting, Managing, Modifying, mitigating and
adapting tectonic events,
, Examples of plate boundaries Intraplate activity
Margin Example Plates Involved Intraplate Earthquakes: UK
- experiences minor hazards but is 1500km away from
Oceanic Mid-atlantic ridge North american and nearest plate boundary
constructive Eurasian Plates
- have been 25 earthquakes that have been felt by
people
Continental African rift valley Somalian pulling away
constructive from Nubian plate Intraplate Volcanoes: Ring of Fire → localised area of the
lithosphere, which has an unusually high temperature due to
the upwelling of molten material from the core. 90% of active
Oceanic/Contine Andean Nazca plate subduct volcanoes are found in the ring of fire.
ntal constructive mountain range under south america
plate Intraplate Volcanoes: Hawaii (isolated hotspot), occur when
there is an upwelling of molten material directly from outer
Oceanic/Oceanic Caribbean island Cocos plate subduct core/ mantle boundary to the surface
destructive arc under Caribbean plate
- most active: Mauna Loa and Kilauea
- youngest: submarine Lo’ihi youngest, created as
Continental Himalayas Indian and Eurasian Pacific Plate moves over hotspot
collision zone plate
Conservative San Andreas Pacific plate and
Fault North American plate
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