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Ablauf der Translation

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Ablauf der Translation

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  • July 20, 2021
  • 1
  • 2020/2021
  • Interview
  • Unknown
  • Unknown
  • Secondary school
  • Gymnasium
  • 2
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Ablauf der Translation

Beginn der Translation: Schritt 1:
- beide ribosomale Untereinheiten treten am Start–Codon
AUG (am 5‘ Ende der m-RNA) zusammen
- Anlagerung der Methionin–t–RNA mit dem Anticodon UAC
an die P–Bindestelle des Ribosoms
- feste Bindung einer weiteren beladenen t–RNA an der
A–Bindestelle des Ribosoms (bei Basen Komplementarität)



Verlängerung der Aminosäurekette: Schritt 2:
- enzymatische Reaktion (Kondensationsreaktion) am
Ribosom durch chemische Verknüpfung (Peptidbindung) der
Aminosäuren der beiden t–RNA–Moleküle
- Entstehung eines Dipeptids

- Versetzung des Ribosoms um ein Triplett von 5’ nach 3’
(Translationsrichtung)
- entladene t–RNA der P–Stelle rückt auf E-Stelle des
Ribosoms und löst sich ab

- t–RNA von A–Stelle rückt auf P–Stelle des Ribosoms und
A–Stelle wird frei
- Bindung einer weiteren beladenen t-RNA mit passendem
Anticodon an freier A–Stelle
- erneute enzymatische Reaktion am Ribosom zur
Verlängerung der Aminosäurekette



Ende der Translation: Schritt 3:
- Zyklus läuft so lange bis Ribosom auf Stopp–Codon
(Freisetzungsfaktor) der m-RNA trifft
- Abbruch der Translation
- Komplex aus m–RNA und Ribosom zerfällt
- synthetisierte Aminosäurekette wird frei gegeben (spezifische
Raumstruktur entsteht)

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