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Year-2021
, HESI Pediatric
1. The nurse is caring for a 3-year old child who is 2 hours postop from a cardiac
catheterization via the right femoral artery. Which assessment finding is an indication of
arterial obstruction?
A. Blood pressure trend is downward and pulse is rapid and irregular.
B. Right foot is cool to the touch and appears pale and blanched.
C. Pulse distal to the femoral artery is weaker on the left foot than right foot.
D. The pressure dressing at right femoral area is moist and oozing blood.
2. Following a motor vehicle collision, a 3-year old girl has a spica cast applied. Which toy
is best for the nurse for this 3 year old child?
A. Duck that squeaks.
B. Fashion doll and clothes.
C. Set of cloth and hand puppets.
D. Hand held video game.
3. An infant with tetralogy of Fallot becomes acutely cyanotic and hyperpneic. Which
action should the nurse implement first?
A. Administer morphine sulphate.
B. Start IV fluids.
C. Place the infant in a knee-chest position.
D. Provide 100% oxygen by face mask.
4. A child admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis is demonstrating Kussmaul respirations. The
nurse determines that the increased respiratory rate is a compensatory mechanism for
which acid base alteration?
A. Metabolic alkalosis.
B. Respiratory acidosis.
C. Respiratory alkalosis.
D. Metabolic acidosis.
5. 7 years old is admitted to the hospital with persistent vomiting, and a nasogastric
tube attached to low intermittent suction is applied. Which finding is most important for
the nurse to report to the healthcare provider?
A. Gastric output of 100 mL in the last 8 hours.
B. Shift intake of 640 mL IV fluids plus 30 mL PO ice chips.
C. Serum potassium of 3.0 mg/dL.
D. Serum pH of 7.45.
6. The nurse is evaluating diet teaching for a client who has nontropical sprue (celiac
disease). Choosing which food indicates that the teaching has been effective?
,A. Creamed corn.
B. Pancakes.
C. Rye crackers.
D. Cooked oatmeal.
7. During a well-baby check, the nurse hides a block under the baby’s blanket, and the
baby looks for the block. Which normal growth and development milestone is the baby
developing?
A. Separation anxiety.
B. Associative play.
C. Object prehension.
D. Object permanence.
8. The nurse is measuring the frontal occipital circumference (FOC) of a 3-months old
infant, and notes that the FOC has increased 5 inches since birth and the child’s head
appears large in relation to body size. Which action is most important for the nurse to
take next?
A. Measure the infant’s head-to-toe length.
B. Palpate the anterior fontanel for tension and bulging.
C. Observe the infant for sunken eyes.
D. Plot the measurement on the infant’s growth chart.
9. The nurse is preparing a 10 year old with a lacerated forehead for suturing. Both
parents and 12 year old sibling are at the child’s bedside. Which instruction best
supports family?
A. While waiting for the healthcare provider, only one visitor may stay with the child.
B. All of you should leave while the healthcare provider sutures the child’s forehead.
C. It is best if the sibling goes to the waiting room until the suturing is completed.
D. Please decide who will stay when the healthcare provider begins suturing.
10. The nurse is planning for a 5-month old with gastroesophageal reflux disease whose
weight has decreased by 3 ounces since the last clinic visit one month ago. To increase
caloric intake and decrease vomiting, what instructions should the nurse provide this
mother?
A. Give small amounts of baby food with each feeding.
B. Thicken formula with cereal for each feeding.
C. Dilute the childs formula with equal parts of water.
D. Offer 10 % dextrose in water between most feedings.
11. While teaching a parenting class to new parents the nurse describes the needs of
infants and toddlers regarding discipline and limit setting. What is the most important
reason for implementing such parenting behaviors?
, A. Children need help in developing social skills.
B. This age child fears loss of self control.
C. They provide the child with a sense of security.
D. Children must to learn to deal with authority.
12. The parents of a newborn infant with hypospadia are concerned about when the
surgical correction should occur. What information should the nurse provide?
A. Repair should be done by one month to prevent bladder infection.
B. To form a proper urethra repair, it should be done after sexual maturity.
C. Repairs typically should be done before the child is potty trained.
D. Delaying the repair until school age reduces castration fears.
13. Which drink choice on a hot day indicates to the nurse that a teenager with sickle cell
anemia understands dietary consideration related to the disease?
A. Milkshake.
B. Iced tea.
C. Diet cola.
D. Lemonade.
14. The nurse is assessing an infant with diarrhea and lethargy. Which finding should the
nurse identify that is consistent with early dehydration?
A. Tachycardia.
B. Bradycardia.
C. Dry mucous membrane.
D. Increased skin turgor.
15. While auscultating the lung sounds of a 5 year old Chinese boy who recently completed
antibiotic therapy for pneumonia, the nurse notices symmetrical, round, bruise-like
blemishes on his chest. What action is best for the nurse to take?
A. Identify the antibiotic used to treat the pneumonia.
B. Inquire about the use of alternative methods of treatment.
C. Ask the parents if the child has been in a recent accident.
D. Report suspected child abuse to the authorities.
16. A child with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) who is receiving chemotherapy via a
subclavian IV infusion, has an oral temperature of 103 degrees. In assessing the IV site,
the nurse determines that there are no signs of infection at the site. Which intervention
is the most important for the nurse to implement?
A. Obtain specimen for blood cultures.
B. Assess the CBC.
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