SOC1501 - Community, Society And Inequality In A Globalised World: Introduction To Sociology (SOC1501)
Summary
Summary Introduction to Sociology: Community, Society And Inequality In A Globalized World (SOC1501)
111 views 2 purchases
Course
SOC1501 - Community, Society And Inequality In A Globalised World: Introduction To Sociology (SOC1501)
Institution
University Of South Africa (Unisa)
Book
Introduction to Sociology 2e
This document is a summary of the Study Guide of SOC1501 (UNISA). This document contains Learning units 3 to 18. The document is a neatly typed summary that contains all of the information you'll need to get a distinction in your exams. Each learning unit is another colour and you'll find a table o...
TEST BANK FOR SOCIOLOGY A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE 8TH EDITION BY FERRANTE
TEST BANK FOR SOCIOLOGY A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE 8TH EDITION BY FERRANTE GRADED A
TEST BANK FOR SOCIOLOGY A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE 8TH EDITION BY FERRANTE COMPLETE CHAPTERS 1 - 15
All for this textbook (15)
Written for
University of South Africa (Unisa)
SOC1501 - Community, Society And Inequality In A Globalised World: Introduction To Sociology (SOC1501)
All documents for this subject (11)
Seller
Follow
lizmievanstaden
Reviews received
Content preview
Key Founding Figures Study Unit 3 p. 28
Introduction
Founding figures contribute – classical texts “canons” distinguish discipline from others, not
static.
Plato & Aristotle (lived Greece 427BC – 322BC) investigated issues forms social organisation &
types political rule, knowledge categorised as history, politics, ethics, law.
Notable scholars: Ibn Khaldun & WEB du Bois. European founders: Karl Marx, Émile Durkheim,
Max Weber.
Influential asserting value & advancing systematic sociological understanding society outside Europe.
Harriet Martineau influential figure subsequent emergence of feminist perspective come – accepted
overall sociological tradition.
Founding figures:
1. Ibn Khaldun
2. WEB du Bois
3. Émile Durkheim
4. Max Weber
5. Harriet Martineau
6. August Comte
Ibn Khaldun (1332 – 1406)
Non-European precursor – modern sociology
Past
Intellectual of aristocratic background.
Conducted 1st systematic studies of human society.
Precursor – practiced modern sociology arose Enlightenment era, IR & emergence industrial
capitalism & global expansion capitalism ≈ imperialism & colonialism.
Accepted knowledge human society similar – systematic methods associated modern sociology.
Made human society subject new, separate science.
,“Sociology” ≠ term, “science of history” expected different descriptive tendency of historical
studies.
Interested explaining factors inhibit from developing perfect society.
Writing require new systematic approach that must have:
Own peculiar object of study (mawdu)
Identify own peculiar problems (masa’il)
Own goal (ghaya)
Peculiar object = human society (umran).
Develop understanding humans as simultaneously indiv. & members of society.
Maqaddimah book
Maqaddimah: work regarded materialist, avoided philosophical conjecturing about human society.
Used historical method heavily dependent empirical observation & emphasis on economic factors.
Maqaddimah = study tribal culture, nomadic life & cities & settled life associated latter.
Central concept = sabiyah (force premier determinant of development of society).
Clarify meaning asabiyah → beginning description amongst nomadic Bedouin tribes prior – adoption
of Islam.
Helps describe formation of close relationships among people due – 1st blood kinship, 2nd common
descent, 3rd tribal group, how interacted with indiv. & determining factors indiv.’s thinking &
behaviour.
Emphasise NB feeling belonging members of group have, asabiyah transited – solidarity.
Present day
Research exploring complementarity of indiv. Psyche & psychology of group.
Acknowledges solidarity, based blood ties = replaced → other social ties when people come – live
urban settlements.
Identify less with tribe, adopt along with others shared identity as settlers of specific territory.
Looked factors (solidarity) & religion understanding human behaviour, also saw significant weight
economic factors have making sense of human intellectual pursuits, art, science, morals,
aesthetics & customs.
Wrote changes economic factors, nature of production, intellectual pursuits, arts & science,
morals, aesthetics & customs.
,Studied different stratification /social inequality patterns emerge & produce people dominant social
statuses depend labour of other social classes.
Wrote how states promote growth industrial & commercial act.
Attempted – make sense why societies alternated nomadic & settled urban types.
Interested social significance of establishing state based religious lines, theocracy.
Similar orientation as European Enlightenment thinkers, encouraged development knowledge about
human society, resisted religious-based thinking, saw God’s hand manipulating events.
Science human history sought rational explanations of logical & orderly evolution of societies
without arguing God consciously intervened & guided process.
Europe (1830 – 1900), non-European scholar making notable contribution – developing systematic
method of study human society.
Knowledge of work (1600s & 1806) translated – French.
Several notable European sociologists of late 19th century familiar with work, apparently little direct
influence on central figures discussed contribution – development of modern sociology during
course 19th century.
August Comte
Call for positive science of society
French scholar (1798 – 1857), living French Revolution (1798) brought social upheaval.
Church under question & belief God, foundations centuries of rule → royal families overthrown &
masses needed - know more about prospects changing world.
Felt sociology (“social physics”) was science time come – help give people better understanding of
issues about human interaction, institutions built, predict social events, guide introduction of
reforms – regenerate social order & progress.
Intellectual development influenced → Claude Henri Saint-Simon, worked for as secretary.
Saint-Simon espoused positivist ideals about studying social phenomena same way natural world
studied.
Supported socialist reforms conservative inclinations oppositions – modern society.
Comte came – dispute with Saint-Simon & work independently on explorations of possibility of
positivist science.
, Discontent with metaphysical views about human society & science society associated Immanuel
Kant & GWF Hegel (2 predecessors’ ideas considerably influential across modern Europe.
Favoured science of what directly observable.
Influenced → contemporary developments evolutionary views about human development &
intellectual comprehension of world.
Premier writing = Course of positive philosophy (2 laws – how humans generated knowledge about
world).
1st law = he law of three stages.
Theory of knowledge, how humans tried – make sense of world (refers – as “stages”).
Accepts that coexist, 1 more dominant than others.
Dominant intellectual system = characterised → people relying fictions about God(s) as supreme
force causing events & giving direction – processes world.
2nd stage = “metaphysical stage” & corresponds dominant role both religious leaders & lawyers.
Characterised → abstract method of philosophy.
“essence” of phenomena & “forces” & “nature”.
≠ help produce knowledge where latter measured with certainty.
3rd stage = “scientific/ positive stage” \7 corresponds scientists & engineers playing leading role
society, humans come – understand world through scientific methods of observation.
2nd law = encyclopaedic / epistemological law
Different sciences develop evolutionary manner.
Mathematics = 1st science & facilitates sequential development of other sciences: astronomy,
physics, chemistry, biology, sociology.
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller lizmievanstaden. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $8.89. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
