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Samenvatting Sociale psychologie

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  • Course
  • Sociale Psychologie
  • Institution
  • Hogeschool Gent (HoGent)

Het vak sociale psychologie wordt in het tweede semester van het eerste jaar professionele bachelor Orthopedagogie aan HoGent gegeven. Met deze samenvatting had ik de cursus niet meer nodig en behaalde ik 16/20 in de eerste examenkans.

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Document information

  • August 2, 2021
  • 95
  • 2020/2021
  • Summary

Subjects

  • sociale psychologie
  • orthopedagogie
  • professionele bachelor
  • bachelor
  • eerstejaar
  • hogent
  • hogeschool gent

Written for

  • Hogeschool Gent (HoGent)
  • Orthopedagogie
  • Sociale Psychologie
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SOCIALE PSYCHOLOGIE
Samenvatting semester 2
Bachelor in de Orthopedagogie




2020-2021
Femke Peeters

,Femke Peeters
1A3.1/1A3.2

Inhoud
1. Sociale cognities

Schema’s.................................................................................................................................................. 8
Omschrijving ........................................................................................................................................ 8
Kenmerken .......................................................................................................................................... 9
Evolutionair ....................................................................................................................................... 13
Configureren.......................................................................................................................................... 14
Opvallende kenmerken ..................................................................................................................... 14
Primacy-effect ................................................................................................................................... 14
Configuratiemodel van Asch ............................................................................................................. 15
Impliciete persoonlijkheidstheorie.................................................................................................... 16
Persoonsperceptie................................................................................................................................. 18
Priming .................................................................................................................................................. 19
2 soorten priming .............................................................................................................................. 19
Onderzoeksresultaten priming-effect ............................................................................................... 20
Referentie-index ................................................................................................................................ 20
Kritiek op sociaalpsychologisch onderzoek ....................................................................................... 21
Politieke keuzes ................................................................................................................................. 22
Cognitieve dissonantie .......................................................................................................................... 22
Endowment effect ............................................................................................................................. 24
Het negatieve ........................................................................................................................................ 24
Aversie voor verlies ........................................................................................................................... 24
Negativiteitseffect ............................................................................................................................. 25
Linken met het werkveld ............................................................................................................... 25
Cognitie en affect .................................................................................................................................. 25
2. Attributies

Criteria ................................................................................................................................................... 27
Intern / extern ................................................................................................................................... 27
Stabiel / onstabiel.............................................................................................................................. 27
Controleerbaar / oncontroleerbaar .................................................................................................. 28
Globaal / specifiek ............................................................................................................................. 28
Attributies en orthopedagogie .............................................................................................................. 29
Attributietheorieën ............................................................................................................................... 29
Zelfwaarnemingstheorie – Bem ........................................................................................................ 29
Corresponderende inferentietheorie - Jones & Davis....................................................................... 31


1

,Femke Peeters
1A3.1/1A3.2
Covariatiemodel – Kelley ................................................................................................................... 32
Tweestappenmodel – Gilbert ............................................................................................................ 33
Motivatie ............................................................................................................................................... 33
Vertekeningen ....................................................................................................................................... 34
Zelfbeeld en self-serving bias ............................................................................................................ 34
Beperkte rationaliteit en heuristieken .............................................................................................. 34
Valse consensuseffect ....................................................................................................................... 35
Basisfrequentievalstrik en tegenfeitelijk denken .............................................................................. 35
Fundamentele attributiefout ............................................................................................................ 36
Actor-observator verschil .................................................................................................................. 37
Zelfvervullende voorspelling – self-fulfilling prophecy ..................................................................... 37
Hoe kan je attributies linken aan het werkveld?................................................................................... 38
3. Sociale beïnvloeding

Conformisme of meerderheidsinvloed ................................................................................................. 39
Sherif en het autokinetische effect ................................................................................................... 39
Jacobs & Campbell en het verdwijnen van de beïnvloedingsbron ................................................... 40
Festinger en de socialevergelijkingstheorie ...................................................................................... 40
Lijnexperiment van Asch ................................................................................................................... 41
Informatieve en normatieve beïnvloeding........................................................................................ 41
Beïnvloedende factoren .................................................................................................................... 43
Voor- en nadelen van conformeren voor ortho-agogisch werkveld ................................................. 43
Innovatie of minderheidsinvloed .......................................................................................................... 44
Moscovici en kleurendia’s ................................................................................................................. 44
Proefopzet Asch VS Moscovici ...................................................................................................... 45
Beïnvloedende factoren .................................................................................................................... 45
Gehoorzaamheid en autoriteit .............................................................................................................. 46
Milgram en elektroshocks ................................................................................................................. 47
Gevangenis experiment van Zimbardo – Stanford Gevangenisexperiment ..................................... 49
Gevolgen van deze experimenten ..................................................................................................... 49
Ethisch ............................................................................................................................................... 50
Sociale facilitatie en belemmering ........................................................................................................ 51
Evaluatie verwachten ........................................................................................................................ 52
Aandachtsverdeling ........................................................................................................................... 52
Sociaal meeliften ................................................................................................................................... 52
Ringelmann-effect ............................................................................................................................. 53
Ongelijkheidsaversie ......................................................................................................................... 53

2

, Femke Peeters
1A3.1/1A3.2
Counteren .......................................................................................................................................... 54
4. Hulpverlenen

Altruïsme? ............................................................................................................................................. 55
Wederkerig altruïsme ............................................................................................................................ 55
Kosten-batenanalyse ......................................................................................................................... 55
Ultimatum game................................................................................................................................ 55
Prisoner’s game ................................................................................................................................. 56
Empathie – LEZEN P126-134 ................................................................................................................. 56
Stappenmodel ....................................................................................................................................... 56
STAP 1: Opmerken dat er iets gebeurd ............................................................................................. 57
STAP 2: De gebeurtenis als een noodsituatie interpreteren ............................................................. 57
STAP 3: Verantwoordelijkheid nemen om te helpen ........................................................................ 58
STAP 4: Beslissen hoe men zal helpen .............................................................................................. 58
STAP 5: Actie ondernemen – hulp bieden ......................................................................................... 59
Beïnvloedende factoren ........................................................................................................................ 59
Situationele factoren ......................................................................................................................... 59
Persoonsgebonden factoren ............................................................................................................. 61
Motivationele factoren ..................................................................................................................... 62
Altruïsme of egoïsme? ................................................................................................................... 63
Interpersoonlijke factoren................................................................................................................. 64
5. In groep

Sociale categorisatie .............................................................................................................................. 65
Accentuation effect ............................................................................................................................... 66
Assumed similarity effect ...................................................................................................................... 67
Minimal group-paradigma................................................................................................................. 67
Outgroup homogeneity effect............................................................................................................... 67
De-individuatie .................................................................................................................................. 68
Oorzaken voor homogeneity effect .................................................................................................. 68
Ontmoeten .................................................................................................................................... 68
Abstraction-based versus instance-based ..................................................................................... 69
Homogene minderheid ................................................................................................................. 69
Ingroup-favoritisme-effect .................................................................................................................... 69
Verklaringen ...................................................................................................................................... 71
Valkuilen ................................................................................................................................................ 72
Groupthink ........................................................................................................................................ 72


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