Advanced Pathophysiology FNP Quizzes and Final Exam. Questions and Answers.

Advanced Pathophysiology FNP Quizzes and Final Exam. Questions and Answers. response by the professor is best? Answer: Inactivated voltage-gated sodium channels Question 2 1 out of 1 points A patient’s electrocardiogram (ECG) shows tall, peaked T waves. What lab value or assessment would the healthcare professional correlate with this finding? - Hyperkalemia clinically manifests with cardiovascular changes such as bradycardia, hypotension, and electrocardiogram (ECG) changes that include missed P waves, tall T waves, prolonged PR intervals, and wide QRS complexes. Question 3 1 out of 1 points What does the loss of the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) during ischemia cause cells to do? - Swell because of the influx of sodium chloride (NaCl). A reduction in ATP levels causes the plasma membrane's sodium-potassium (Na+-K+) pump and sodium-calcium exchange to fail, which leads to an intracellular accumulation of sodium and calcium and diffusion of potassium out of the cell. Sodium and water can then freely enter the cell, and cellular swelling results. Question 4 1 out of 1 points An amniocentesis indicates a neural tube defect when an increase in which protein is evident? - Alpha fetoprotein Question 5 1 out of 1 points In somatic cell gene therapy, what type of vector is most commonly used to alter a specific set of an individual’s somatic cells? - Viruses Question 6 1 out of 1 points Physiologic pH is maintained at approximately 7.4 because bicarbonate (HCO 3) and carbonic acid (H 2CO 3) exist in what ratio? - 20 HCO3 to 1 H2CO3 – 20:1 ratio Question 7 1 out of 1 points A major determinant of the resting membrane potential necessary for the transmission of nerve impulses is the ratio between what? - The ratio between intracellular potassium (K+) and extracellular potassium Question 8 1 out of 1 points What advantage is derived from human genome sequencing on genetic disorders? (Select all that apply.) - Identification of the mutated gene; Diagnosis of the existing disorder; Appropriate treatment. (The complete human genome sequence will facilitate gene identification, diagnosis, and disease treatment.) Question 9 1 out of 1 points How do free radicals cause cell damage? - Free radicals can cause damage to parts of cells such as proteins, DNA, and cell membranes by stealing their electrons through a process called oxidation. Question 10 1 out of 1 points What is the difference between DNA sequence mutations and epigenetic modifications? Question 11 1 out of 1 points Which type of cancer is said to aggregate among families?