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Extéroception

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Cours rédigé "Extéroception" de PASS Tours

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  • August 14, 2021
  • 4
  • 2021/2022
  • Class notes
  • Brihault
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M1.1 : Physiologie BRIHAULT




Extéroception

- Capture
- Traitement
- Action vers l’environnement
 Boucles sensori-gnosi-praxique



I. Origines de l’information

A. Principes généraux de physiologie sensorielle
Il existe 3 origines de l’information :

- Extéroception : Regroupe les perceptions sensorielles liées à des stimuli externes.

Ce sont tous simplement les 5 sens (la vision, le gout, le toucher, l’ouïe, l’olfaction) qui capte et traite des
informations en provenance de l’environnement. Il s’y passe le phénomène de transduction.




On n’est jamais en traitement uni-modale, je vais avoir un traitement multi-modale : j’écoute le cours, je
regarde mon écran, je touche mon clavier, je sens …



- Proprioception : Perception consciente ou non de la position des différentes parties du corps.

Par exemple, il n’y a pas besoin de voir nos jambes pour connaitre la façon dont elles sont croisées.

- Intéroception : Perception de l’état physiologique interne comme la soif ou les émotions. Ils
permettent le maintien de l’homéostasie. L’homéostasie est le principe qui maintient l’équilibre physico-
chimique du milieu intérieur, et perception du « self », l’état émotionnel (est ce que j’ai soif ou pas,
émotions).

B. Exemple de la vision

Du signal physique au signal électrique  la transduction

Au niveau de la vision, le signal externe est l’onde lumineuse qui va traverser des milieux transparents
au niveau de l’œil pour converger sur la rétine.

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