A concise and clear overview of the animal diseases required to know in chapter 12. These notes make biology easy to understand and are a good place to start your revision and boost your grades.
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Disease What is it Effect Treatment
Tuberculosis A bacterial disease Damages and destroys lung tissue and suppresses the In people TB is both curable by
of humans, cows, immune system so the body is less able to fight off other antibiotics and preventable by
(TB) pigs, badgers and
diseases. Worldwide in 2012 around 8.6 million people had improving living standards and
TB of which 1.3 million died. People with HIV or AIDS are vaccination
deer much more likely to develop TB infections. - air borne
Bacterial A bacterial infection Infection can spread to rest of the body Antibiotics cure the disease if
of the meningitis of causing septicaemia (blood poisoning) + rapid delivered early. Vaccines can
meningitis the meninges of the death. Mainly effects children and teenagers protect against some forms.
brain - the aged 15-19. A blotchy red/purple rash that About 10% of infected people
protective doesn’t disappear when a glass is pressed on it die. Up to 25% of those who
membranes on the is a symptom. recover have some permanent
surface of the brain damage.
HIV/AIDS Caused by human Gradually destroys immune system so people No vaccine, no cure, but many
immunodeficiency who have it are susceptible to other illnesses anti retroviral drugs slow the
virus which targets such as TB pneumonia and some types of process of the disease.
T helper cells of cancer. HIV is a retrovirus with RNA in its
immune system genetic material.
Influenza A viral infection of Kills the epithelial cells leaving airways open to No cure - every so often a
the ciliated epithelial secondary infection. Three types A,B and C - A mutation leads to an epidemic
(flu) cells in the gas viruses are the most virulent and flu viruses or pandemic - flu vaccines are
exchange system mutate regularly. given to the most vulnerable
Malaria Caused by Invades red blood cells, liver and even the No vaccine and limited cures.
protoctists and brain. Around 200 million have it each year and Can be controlled by
spread by bites of 600,000 die. controlling mosquitoes
infected mosquitoes (insecticides/nets/window and
door screens)
Ring worm A fungal disease Grey white crusty infectious circular areas of Antifungal creams are an
affecting cattle, skin. Not damaging but looks unsightly and effective cure
dogs cats and may be itchy
humans
Athlete’s foot Human fungal Form of human ring worm grows on and Antifungal creams are an
disease digests the warm, moist skin between the toes. effective cure
Causes cracking and scaling which is itchy and
may become sore.
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