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Bretton Woods
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Recopilación de información de la conferencia realizada en Bretton Woods
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CONFERENCIA DE BRETTON WOODS, Acuerdo de Bretton Woods
A mediados de 1944, cuando la Segunda Guerra Mundial aún estaba en
desarrollo, los representantes de cuarenta y cuatro países celebraron una
Conferencia Monetaria y Financiera en Bretton Woods, New Hampshire (EEUU),
para establecer las bases de lo que sería un nuevo orden económico y financiero
cuando se terminara el conflicto bélico. (Reyes, 2010)
Participantes
En esta reunión participaron los países aliados, entre los principales y los que
dominaban la política aliada: Reino Unido, la Unión Soviética, los Estados Unidos
y China. Entre ellos se encontraban 19 países latinoamericanos
Durante la segunda guerra mundial, el financiamiento de los gastos bélicos y de la
reconstrucción posterior, hizo crecer excesivamente la impresión de billetes en
todos los países, provocando agudos problemas. Por esta razón, aun antes de
que concluyera la guerra, empezaron a hacerse planes para organizar el SMI,
teniendo en la mira poner fin a la inestabilidad monetaria, a las restricciones
cambiarias, a los controles a los movimientos de capital y a las barreras que
obstaculizaban el comercio internacional, para que la economía mundial pudiera
prosperar. (Chapoy, 2001).
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