These notes on ecology outline the systems that take place in our environment such as the nitrogen cycle and the role of lightning. The notes also outline common definitions in the ecology unit, along with examples to further understand the topic.
Monoculture - The growth of a single crop or organism.
Biodiversity - A variety of plants and animals in an ecosystem.
Invasive species - A plant,fungi, or animal that is not native to a specific location.
Parasitism - A relationship where only one organism benefits by causing damage to it.
Mutualism - A relationship between two organisms where both are benefited from it.
Commensalism - A relationship between two organisms where one receives benefits
without damaging the other party involved.
Food energy pyramid
The visual version in pyramid form of how
energy is supposed to flow in a community,
The levels in the pyramid represent different
groups of organisms .
Organism
Is an individual living thing,
Ex. Plants, animals, bacteria
Species
A biological set of animals/insects that can be
reproduced with each other in nature.
Ex. deers, humans
Population
An entity of the same species occupying a
specific area.
Ex. seagulls, geese
Community
An interacting group of various species in a
common location.
Ex. Under a rock you would see worms,
beetles, and other insects.
Ecosystem
A community of organisms together,
, with their physical environment, made up of living
And non-living organisms.
Biome
A large community of plants and animals
that are in a distinct region.
Biodiversity
The variety of life forms in a habitat,
either in local environment or an entire planet.
Ex. A forest with different kinds of trees.
Abiotic
Organisms that are not Alive
Ex. sunlight, temperature, wind patterns
Biotic
Organisms that are living.
Ex. animals, plants
Habitat
A place where organism live with,
Food, air, water and shelter
Niche
An Organism or population to that responds to
the distribution of resources and competitors.
Ex. includes more than what an organism eats or where it lives.
Carrying capacity
The number of living organism that a place
can support without breaking down .
Limiting factor
Environmental conditions the limit the population or
distribution of an organism in a ecosystem.
Ex. competition between two species
Sustainability
Meeting the needs of the present generation,
without compromising the needs of the next.
Ex. cut down 5 trees, plant 10.
The 3 ways carbon gets back into the Atmosphere
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