Summary/ overview facts sheet for strategy and tactics used in changing nature of warfare
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Course
Changing nature of warfare
Institution
OCR
Useful revision sheet for the strategy and tactics topics focusing on specific statistics. These sheets are really useful for writing essays and revision as the facts and examples can be all in front of you, and cover the Revolutionary wars to WW2, linking examples together via topic.
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Strategy and tactics across the period
Defensive warfare
NAP- scorched earth by Russians burning crop and industry behind them, even whole of Moscow
including kremlin
NAP- tactical squares, battle of the pyramids and waterloo to protect against Calvary charges
CRIMEAN- introduction of trenches at Sevastopol agenised Russian forces, both sides dug in to
French and British 11 months to break through in brutal Russian winter
ACW- use of trenches, particularly in the Petersburg Campaign, lee brings reinforcments to protect
petesberg creating third defensive trench line June 1864- April 1865 Barbed wire wasn’t quite a
thing yet, but plain telegraph wire was one obstacle employed . The Union experimented with the
first machine guns deployed in warfare (the peppermill gun and the Gatling gun). Artillery, mortars,
mining and countermining were all used at various points
R-J- use of mines and trenches with barbed wire at battle of Mukden (port Arthur retreat)
WW1- peak of trench warfare, nothing able to brake trench deadlock not tanks and planes not
advanced enough
Importance of Movement (set piece battle)- for offensive warfare
NAP-Ulm fix flank and envelop, one corps attack from black forest others at rhine
NAP- Austerlitz Plateou of Preazan, right flank used as trap, and then left flank used to trap in
REV + NAP- uses of corps system, Courp d’armee’ -fist seen in Italian campaign 1796 Day apart from
each other 10-30 thousand men, all own mini armys
CRIMEAN- Balaklava fix flank and envelop of Russians around light brigade
ACW- use of railways inspired by A-P, norths use at Chattanooga to solve interior lines problem
A-P – use of railways to concentrate troops, Von Molkte 5 lines for 280,000 troops for Sadoa also fix
flank and envelop used for speed
WW1- attempted to outflank and envelop at race the sea by outflanking each other with trains , but
we see this as largely unsuccessful
Concentration of forces
REV- Lodi. Frontal/coloum charges with fixed bayonets at bridge against Austrian army
CRIMEAN- British thin read line at Balaclava of 500 troops with mini bullet
ACW- interior lines south occupied the centre of the country
R-J- Artillery fire at port Arthur from the Russian navy, column charges from Japanese forces to
secure the hilltops around port
WW1- artillery fire at Somme 1,738,000 shells in 7 days
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