Characteristics of a true or randomized experiment in research psychology
24 views 0 purchase
Course
Research Psychology
Institution
University Of South Africa (Unisa)
Book
Research Methods in Psychology
Well-written notes about the characteristics of a true or randomized experiment in research psychology. May come in handy during your third year of a BA Degree in Psychology and Communications. This document was used as a task that received 85%.
Characteristics of a true or randomized experiment
1. Experimental manipulation: the only variable that is manipulated, is the one
that is assumed to cause or affect another variable.
Example; our independent variable could be alcohol – we may hypothesize that
consuming a certain amount may increase the number of mistakes we make whilst
doing a task. In a study as such, the amount of alcohol would be manipulated. The
dependent variable would be the amount of mistakes made on a task after consuming
alcohol (e.g.: walking along a straight line after consuming alcohol).
We would only have two conditions known as “levels of treatment” or “groups” in a basic
true or randomized experiment. In the example above, we could have two conditions. In
one condition a lower amount of alcohol could be given to the participants, and in the
other condition the participant receives a higher amount of alcohol. In each condition
there would be a standardized amount of alcohol given to the participants. If the size of
the effect (mistakes) varies depending on the amount of alcohol given – the more the
two groups or conditions differ, the bigger the effect.
The effectiveness of the experimental manipulation should be evaluated. The two
evaluations in the study would be called the control condition and the experimental
condition.
2. Standardization of procedures: all factors in an experiment need to be held
constant, apart from the variables under investigation. Standardizing all
procedures of an experiment is nearly impossible, but is something to ideally aim
for. In the example above, variables that would need to ideally be standardized or
held constant would be the amount of alcohol, the time of day the study is being
conducted, the body weight of the participants, how long it has been since their
last meal and such.
3. Random assignment: there are two types of procedures according to the type of
experimental design;
1) Participants are sorted into the experimental or the control condition as
random using a randomization procedure such as writing both conditions on
pieces of paper, folding it and shuffling it amongst other pieces of paper, and
then allowing participants to pick a piece of paper to reveal the group they will
be in.
2) If a participant is in more than one condition, they will randomly be assigned
to different orders of partaking in both conditions every time.
Examples of random procedures:
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller kyrthir. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $3.31. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
