Samenvatting van alle grammatica van unit 4, of course! vwo 5. Direct & indirect speech, auxiliaries, definite & indefinite article, relative pronoun, tenses, passive en genitive.
Time Direct speech Indirect speech
Present She said: I am at home She said she was at home
Past They said: We saw him They said they had seen him
yesterday the day before
Present perfect He says: I have been fired He said he had been fired
Lesson 2
Auxiliaries
Can / could / be able to
Can gebruik je alleen in de simple present, could in de simple past en be able to kan in elke
tijd.
Can/could kan oook mogelijk zijn betekenen.
o It can be cold out there
o It could rain this afternoon
Irrealis – Could have
Be allowed / may / might
Be allowed geeft aan dat je toestemming hebt. Kan in alle tijden.
May en might kunnen toestemming aangeven en zijn vrij formeel.
May en might kunnen mogelijkheid aangeven. Bij might is er meer twijfel dan bij may.
Iets was mogelijk geweest in het verleden, maar is niet gebeurd: might.
Must / have to / should
Must of have got to is een noodzaak of bevel. Must mag alleen in tegenwoordige tijd
gebruikt woorden, have in alle tijden. ‘must not’ is een verbod, ‘don't have to/needn't' geeft
aan dat he tniet nodig is of niet verplicht.
Must is een logische gevolgtrekking
o You must be very ill
Should = eigenlijk moeten
Want/ make/ would like / mind / willing
Want somebody to … = willen dat
Make somebody … = dwingen (laten)
Would like somebody to … = graag willen (vriendelijk verzoek)
Mind ...ing = bereid zijn, willen
Be willing to … = bereid zijn, willen
Would rather … = liever
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