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Summary Introduction to peripheral nervous system
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Peripheral nervous system introduction
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PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEMSubdivided into the
SOMATIC (Movement and sensation)
AUTONOMIC
- Sympathetic (flight and fight)
- Parasympathetic (rest and digest)
THE SOMATIC nervous system:
It involves the CNS and PNS both.
Functions
- Receive sensory signal
- Integrating and processing sensory information
- Processing motor responses involving skeletal muscles
SENSORY RECEPTORS ARE CLASSIFIED BY:
POSITION:
- Exteroceptor: external environment
- Interoceptor: internal environment
- Proprioceptor: position of body in relation to the rest of the body
FUNCTION:
- Chemoreceptor: chemicals
- Osmoreceptor
- Nociceptor: pain
- Mechanoceptor: mechanic like pressure
- Thermoceptor: temperature
CELL TYPE
- Free nerve ending
- Encapsulated ending (encapsulated in
connective tissue which increase sensitivity)
- Specialised receptor cells
SOMATIC NERVOUS SYSTEM: Sensory perception
An individual or organism capable of processing the stimuli in their environment is
called to have a sensory perception. This processing is done through the
coordination between sense organs and the brain. Hearing, vision, taste, smell, and
touch are the five senses we possess.
, GUSTATION: TASTE
We have 5 distinct tastes:
1. Sweet (glucose)
2. Salty (Na+)
3. Sour (H+)
4. Bitter (Alkaloids)
5. Umami (L-glutamate)
Gustatory receptor cells in taste buds are found in raised
bumps called papillae on the tongue.
4 types of PAPILLAE:
- Circumvallate
- Foliate
- Filiform
- Fungiform
OLFACTION: SMELL
Olfactory sensory neurones detect Airborne molecules in the nasal cavity.
Signals travel along the olfactory nerve.
AUDITION: HEARING
Bones inside the ear
Vibrations are picked up by the small
structures in the cochlear
BALANCE:
SOMATOSENSATION:
Exteroception
Interoception
Proprioception
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