Summary
Summary Organisational Theory And Dynamics
- Course
- Institution
Great summary of first three chapters!! Best material to study for the exam...
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
AslıGürleyen
Content preview
Chapter 1Adage: contains wisdom that has been passed through generations
through anecdotal experience.
Theory: formalized knowledge that has created by the use of science
and philosophy
Concepts: building blocks of theory. They are formed through
abstraction.
Abstraction: It takes features of the category that members share
and put them into shared representation. (do not include detailed
information)
Heuristics: strategies that guide people’s choices. (advantage:
invaluable guidance, disadvantage: increases the danger of bias)
Knowledge structures grow as higher-order concepts are developed.
Higher-order concepts: developed by additional repetitions of
abstraction processes. (each repetition raises the concept to a
higher level - decreases the details)
Phenomena of interest: subject and the focus of the theory. ( what
the theorist aiming to explain)
Theorizing is the process of proposing ideas regarding how concepts
are related to the phenomena.
Different perspectives
A theoretical perspective is created when a group of theorists
working within a field study to define concepts in a similar way.
A paradigm is rooted in the minds and actions of people to the
extent that they do not consider alternatives.
Modern perspective: proposes theories that explore causal
explanations. The modernists are interested in the consequences of
the phenomena of interest. They use quantitative methods to analyze
organizational performance.
- Disadvantages of quantitative method:
- social nature of organization may not suit with the
mathematical analysis
- high measurement error
- data used is not often exact
- researchers may confuse correlation with causality (to
overcome this issue, they developed mathematical methods for
confirming causal inferences
Symbolic perspective: regards interpretation as facts. (you have to
put yourself into a shared experience to gain an understanding).
They use qualitative methods, use of documentary and description.
, The method of ethnography, gaining direct access to members’ way of
experiencing their organization. This is achieved by observing and
interviewing.
- The disadvantage of qualitative research
- a researcher may be influenced by his own culture (bias +
misunderstanding)
- qualitative methods (overgeneralization)
- difficult to acquire large samples of data (methods are time-
intensive)
The use of triangulation is the use of multiple sources to support
findings.
Postmodern perspective: aims to appreciate the phenomena of
interest. (employees are trapped in a system that misleads them)
The most popular method is reframing and replacing modernist
theories with instead an aesthetic appreciation. They are promoting
reflexivity by encouraging awareness.
They want to expose the abuse of power to inspire emancipation
(özgürleşme) from dominating modern practices.
Focal phenomena are modernist management and theorizing practices.
Ontology attends to the assumptions about existence and definitions
of reality.
Epistemology examines what constitutes knowledge, how knowledge is
found.
Modernists embrace an objective ontology (reality is independent of
our perception)
Positive epistemology sees knowledge as generated by the scientific
method, developing and testing a hypothesis. The scientific method
requires theories that are testable.
Modernists are saying that knowledge about reality must be verified
through independent observation.
Independent observation is when different people, with same
relationship to the phenomena, make similar observations.
Reliability ensures that the results of empirical studies do not
vary across repetition.
Validity ensures you study what you have intended to study.
A generalizable theory is more valid and reliable.
The symbolic perspective uses subjective ontology and interpretivist
epistemology.(influence the context)- it uses qualitative methods
within the arts and humanities
Postmodernists believe that discourse is self-referential, it
expresses itself. They use linguistic ontology which is the belief
that knowledge and knowing arise from language.
The view of reality is called the linguistic turn. “the world is
made by language”
Reflexive epistemology assumes that knowledge and knowing are
illusory, postmodernists want to study the realities of others.
Chapter 2
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller AslıGürleyen. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $3.79. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
52507 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now