Summary
Samenvatting urinewegstel met verschillende ziektebeelden
- Course
- Institution
Samevatting van het urinewegstelsel met verschillende ziektebeelden. Ook wordt de alvleesklier, de nieren en de lever besproken.
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Nieren en urinewegstelselLigging van de nieren.
- De nieren liggen in de lendenstreek aan weerszijden van de wervelkolom achterin de
buikholte (retroperitoneaal).
Bouw van de nieren
Iedere nier bestaat van buiten naar binnen uit de volgende onderdelen:
Nierschors;
Niermerg;
Nierbekken.
Nierhilus
De volgende structuren gaan de nierhilus in of uit;
- Ureter (urineleider);
- Arteria renalis (nierslagader);
- Vena renalis (nierader);
- N. renalis
Doorbloeding nieren
, Aanvoer bloed dmv renalis sinistra en dextra (a. renalis, dextra is langer);
Nieren ontvangen 20% van het hartritmevolume;
Elke 5 minuten passeert het totale bloedvolume (5L) de nieren.
Volgorde waarin de afvalstof je lichaam verlaat;
1. Nierslagader;
2. Nier;
3. Urineleider;
4. Blaas;
5. Urinebuis.
Nierkelken
Calix minor = kleine kelk
Calix major = grote kelk
Functies van de nieren
Urinevorming
Uitscheiding van afvalstoffen
Regulatie hoeveelheid H2O
Regulatie hoeveelheid zouten
Homeostase
Regeling RR (bloeddruk) (renine)
PH
Aanmaak en uitscheiding hormonen
Nefronen
Iedere nier is gebouwd uit ongeveer 1 miljoen nefronen.
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