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Volledige samenvatting Staatsrecht
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In deze samenvatting wordt het boek van staatsrecht volledig samengevat. In de samenvatting zijn kennisclips uitgewerkt en toegevoegd per onderwerp
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InhoudsopgaveDeel 1 Constitutionele begrippen................................................................................................................... 5
II. Staat: object en subject, verschijningsvormen en belangrijkste kenmerken....................................................5
1. Staat als object: staatsrecht.........................................................................................................................5
2. Staat als subject...........................................................................................................................................6
3. Soevereiniteit...............................................................................................................................................6
4. Constitutie, grondwet en staatsrecht..........................................................................................................8
5. Eenheidsstaten en (con)federale staten......................................................................................................9
III. Rechtstaat......................................................................................................................................................10
6. Rechtstaat..................................................................................................................................................10
7. Legaliteitsbeginsel.....................................................................................................................................10
Kennisclip – Art. 89 lid 2 Grondwet.............................................................................................................. 10
Art. 89 lid 1 en 2 GW...........................................................................................................................................10
8. Scheiding der machten en toedeling van bevoegdheden.........................................................................11
9. De wetgever...............................................................................................................................................13
10. De uitvoerende macht.............................................................................................................................14
11. Rechterlijke macht...................................................................................................................................14
12. Grondrechten en algemene rechtsbeginselen........................................................................................16
IV. Democratie....................................................................................................................................................16
13. Inleiding...................................................................................................................................................16
14. Directe en indirecte democratie..............................................................................................................16
15. Indirecte (representatieve) democratieën..............................................................................................18
16. Formele en materiele democratieopvattingen.......................................................................................18
17. Democratie en rechtsstaat......................................................................................................................18
Deel II De verhouding tot internationaal publiekrecht..................................................................................19
V. Volkenrecht.....................................................................................................................................................19
21. Inleiding...................................................................................................................................................19
22. Bronnen van volkenrecht........................................................................................................................19
23. Staatsaansprakelijkheid...........................................................................................................................20
Kennisclip systeem bijeenkomst 11 (staatsaansprakelijkheid).......................................................................21
Voorwaarden voor Staatsaansprakelijkheid (art. 2 RSIWA)..............................................................................21
Verdedigingsgronden (artt. 20-25 RSIWA).........................................................................................................21
Gevolgen van Staatsaansprakelijkheid...............................................................................................................22
24. De verhouding tussen nationaal en internationaal recht........................................................................23
Kennisclip systeem bijeenkomst 11 (verdragen en de nationale rechtsorde).................................................23
Kennisclip systeem bijeenkomst 11 (verdragen)........................................................................................... 24
verdragen............................................................................................................................................................24
Pacta sunt servanda...........................................................................................................................................26
Specifieke zaken..................................................................................................................................................26
VI. Verdragenrecht..............................................................................................................................................28
25. Totstandkoming van verdragen...............................................................................................................28
26. De inhoud van verdragen........................................................................................................................30
27. Handhaving van verdragsregels...............................................................................................................30
28. Interpretatie van verdragsrecht..............................................................................................................31
, VII. Internationale organisaties..........................................................................................................................31
29. De VN-familie...........................................................................................................................................31
30. Europese samenwerkingsvormen...........................................................................................................32
31. Militaire samenwerking...........................................................................................................................33
VIII. Nederland en het internationale recht........................................................................................................33
32. De grondwet en de internationale betrekkingen....................................................................................33
33. De rechter en het verdragsrecht.............................................................................................................34
IX. Europese integratie: EU.................................................................................................................................35
34. Doel, taken en bereik van de eu..............................................................................................................35
35. De instellingen van de EU + bevoegdheden............................................................................................35
36. Rechtshandelingen van de Unie..............................................................................................................37
37. Algemene rechtsbeginselen van de Unie................................................................................................37
38. Bevoegdheden: wetgeving, bestuur en rechtspraak...............................................................................38
39. Verhouding nationaal recht tot EU-recht................................................................................................42
40. Rol nationale rechter...............................................................................................................................42
41. Europese Monetaire Unie........................................................................................................................43
42. Vervlechting EU en de lidstaten..............................................................................................................44
Deel III – Het staatkundig bestel van Nederland: centrale overheid..............................................................46
XVI. De Centrale overheid als lichaam en de organen waaruit zij bestaat........................................................46
43. Het begrip centrale overheid...................................................................................................................46
44. De organen van de centrale overheid.....................................................................................................46
45. Geschiedenis van de Nederlandse organen............................................................................................49
XVII. Parlement: samenstelling, organisatie en werkwijze.................................................................................50
46. Het tweekamerstelsel..............................................................................................................................50
47. Actief en passief kiesrecht............................................................................................................................52
48. Kiesstelsels: algemeen..................................................................................................................................54
49. Het Nederlandse kiesstelsel....................................................................................................................55
50. Kamerontbinding.....................................................................................................................................56
51. Organisaties en werkwijze.......................................................................................................................57
c. Commissievergaderingen...........................................................................................................................57
52. Positie van Kamerleden...........................................................................................................................58
XVIII. De regering: samenstelling, organisatie en werkwijze.............................................................................59
53. Terminologie............................................................................................................................................59
54. De positie van de Koning.........................................................................................................................60
55. Kabinetsformatie.....................................................................................................................................60
Kennisclip bijeenkomst 9 (nieuwe manier van kabinetsformatie).................................................................60
Hoe was het voor 2012?.....................................................................................................................................60
Hoe liep het in 2012?..........................................................................................................................................61
Overeenkomsten en verschillen..........................................................................................................................62
56. Soorten kabinetten..................................................................................................................................63
57. Regeerakkoord.........................................................................................................................................64
58. Organisatie en werkwijze........................................................................................................................64
59. Rechtspositie............................................................................................................................................64
XIX. De verhouding tussen de regering en het parlement: historie en de actuele gelding van het parlementaire
stelsel..................................................................................................................................................................66
Kennisclip bijeenkomst 9 (regeringsvormen)................................................................................................66
Democratische regeringsvormen........................................................................................................................66
Indirect/ direct....................................................................................................................................................66
, 60. Parlementaire en presidentiele stelsels..................................................................................................67
61. Opkomst van het Nederlandse Parlementaire stelsel.............................................................................67
62. Hoofdbestanddelen van het huidige Nederlandse Parlementaire stelsel..............................................67
63. Omvang van de ministeriële verantwoordelijkheid................................................................................68
64. Parlementaire controlebevoegdheden...................................................................................................68
Kennisclip systeem bijeenkomst 12 (behandelvoorbehoud)..........................................................................69
Behandelvoorbehoud.........................................................................................................................................69
65. Overige organen van de centrale overheid.............................................................................................70
XVI. Wetgeving...................................................................................................................................................71
72. Historisch perspectief..............................................................................................................................71
Kennisclip – De Blanketwet.......................................................................................................................... 73
Blanketwet..........................................................................................................................................................73
73. Wetgeving in formele zin.........................................................................................................................74
Het wetgevingsproces van wetten in formele zin.......................................................................................... 76
Het recht van initiatief, amendement en intrekking......................................................................................77
74. Grondwetgeving......................................................................................................................................78
75. Delegatie van wetgeving..........................................................................................................................78
76. Ontwikkelingen in wetgeving..................................................................................................................79
Deel V – Het staatkundig bestel van Nederland: decentrale overheden........................................................79
XVIII. Decentrale overheden: vroeger en nu.......................................................................................................79
81. Republiek en restauratie.........................................................................................................................79
82. Uniformering gemeente- en provinciebestuur (1848)............................................................................80
83. Waterschappen........................................................................................................................................80
84. Overige grondwettelijke openbare lichamen..........................................................................................81
85. Meer decentrale lichamen: gemeenschappelijke regelingen.................................................................82
XIX. Organen van gemeenten en provincies.......................................................................................................82
86. Grondwettelijk kader...............................................................................................................................82
87. Gemeenteraad: samenstelling en werkwijze..........................................................................................82
88. Gemeenteraad: bevoegdheden...............................................................................................................83
89. College van B&W: samenstelling en werkwijze.......................................................................................83
90. College van B&W: bevoegdheden...........................................................................................................83
91. Burgemeester: benoeming......................................................................................................................84
92. Burgemeester: bevoegdheden................................................................................................................84
93. Commissies..............................................................................................................................................84
94. Onderlinge verhoudingen: monisme en dualisme..................................................................................84
95. Provinciaal bestuur..................................................................................................................................85
XX. Autonomie en Medebewind.........................................................................................................................85
96. Inleiding...................................................................................................................................................85
97. Autonomie; eigen huishouding...............................................................................................................85
98. Medebewind: verplichte tenuitvoerlegging............................................................................................86
99. Vervaging en afgenomen relevantie van het onderscheid autonomie/medebewind............................86
100. Resterende relevantie van het onderscheid autonomie/medebewind................................................87
XXI. Taken en bevoegdheden provincies en gemeenten....................................................................................87
101. Provinciale taken...................................................................................................................................87
102. Gemeentelijke taken..............................................................................................................................88
103. Gemeentelijke en provinciale belastingen en heffingen.......................................................................89
XXII. Verhouding tot de centrale overheid..........................................................................................................89
104. Hiërarchische verhouding......................................................................................................................89
, 105. Repressief toezicht: schorsing en vernietiging......................................................................................90
106. Preventief toezicht: goedkeuring..........................................................................................................91
107. Andere vormen van toezicht.................................................................................................................91
108. Verordenende bevoegdheid..................................................................................................................91
109. Financiële verhouding............................................................................................................................92
Deel VI – Het Koninkrijk der Nederlanden.................................................................................................... 93
110. Algemene karakteristiek en historie......................................................................................................93
111. Basisregels Statuut.................................................................................................................................93
112. Organen.................................................................................................................................................93
113. Bevoegdheidsverdeling.........................................................................................................................94
114. Caribisch Nederland...............................................................................................................................95
Deel VII – Overheidsfuncties: Rechtspraak en rechtsbescherming.................................................................95
XXV. Andere vormen van rechtsbescherming.....................................................................................................95
123. Ombudsman en huis voor klokkenluiders.............................................................................................95
XXVI. Rechterlijke toetsing..................................................................................................................................97
125. Toetsing van lagere aan hogere regelingen..........................................................................................97
126. Toetsingsverboden................................................................................................................................97
127. Constitutionele toetsing........................................................................................................................97
Kennisclip bijeenkomst 15 systeem – Constitutionele toetsing.....................................................................97
128. Verdragstoetsing....................................................................................................................................99
129. Toetsing aan beginselen........................................................................................................................99
130. Plaats en instrumenten van de rechter...............................................................................................100
Deel VIII – Overheid versus burger: rechten van de mens...........................................................................100
XXVII. Algemene leerstukken............................................................................................................................100
131. Algemene ontwikkeling.......................................................................................................................100
132. Internationale rechtsbescherming......................................................................................................101
133. Soorten grondrechten.........................................................................................................................102
Kennisclip bijeenkomst 14 (grondrechten – algemeen)...............................................................................103
Kennisclip bijeenkomst 14 (vrijheid van godsdienst, vereniging, eerlijk proces, familie life/ privacy en
gelijkheid).................................................................................................................................................. 104
Kennisclip bijeenkomst 14 (vrijheid van meningsuiting)..............................................................................106
134. Rechtskarakter.....................................................................................................................................108
135. Grondrechtsgerechtigden....................................................................................................................108
136. Reikwijdte en beperkingen..................................................................................................................109
137. Horizontale werking.............................................................................................................................109
138. Botsingen.............................................................................................................................................110
XXVIII. Specifieke rechten.................................................................................................................................110
142. Vrijheid van meningsuiting..................................................................................................................110
143. Het recht tot vereniging......................................................................................................................111
144. Wat is het vergaderings- en betogingsrecht.......................................................................................111
Staatsrecht
Samenvatti ng
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