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Samenvatting ademhalingsstelsel
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Bondige samenvatting betreffende het hoofdstuk ademhalingsstelsel
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Ademhalingsstelsel interne/cellulaire ademhaling = biochemisch proces; O2 CO2 (+ ATP)
externe ademhaling = gasuitwisseling O2 en CO2
1) Cellulaire ademhaling
→ vloeibaar milieu D = diffusiecnte
→ diffusie: hoge lage concentratie/druk A = opp waarover diffusie gaat
D ∙ A∙∆ p ∆ p = drukverschil
diffusiesnelheid; Wet van Fick S=
d d = diffusieafstand (dikte scheidingswand)
unicellulaire organismen multicellulaire organismen
rechstreekse diffusie; cilia voor waterstroom aangepaste gasuitwisselingssystemen
↑ drukverschil ↑ opp, ↓ diffusieafstand
2) Kieuwademhaling
orgaan kieuwen
kenmerken - groot opp + dunne wand
- extern of intern
Protostomen Mollusca, Annelida, Crustacea
Deuterostomen Echinodermata, vissen, larvale amfibia
externe kieuwen; niet bedekt
interne kieuwen; tussen kieuwholtes (= pompen)
bucale drukpomp: mond open operculum dicht
operculaire zuigpomp: mond gesloten operculum open
! ramventilatie: mond én operculum open
tegenstroomuitwisseling: water stroomt in ene, bloed in andere richting;
continu drukverschil O2 bloed – water continu diffusie maximale oxygenatie
3) Huidademhaling
dunne + vochtige huid
platwormen, rondwormen, gelede wormen + amfibieën, soms reptielen
4) Ademhaling bij insecten
trachea; tracheolen + spiracula
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