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Werkcollege 6 - Advocatuur & Beroepsethiek – De cause laywer/’public interest’ advocaat/‘moral activism’ en perspectief
In week 6 (vrijdag 8 mei a.s.) zoomen we in, wederom mede aan de hand van de tekst van Parker, op
een van de ideaaltypen van een goed advocaat: de advocaat als moreel activist/agent for justice. Onze
gastadvocaat is dit keer advocaat Liesbeth Zegveld van kantoor Prakken & d’Oliveira. Human Rights
Lawyers (Koppelingen naar een externe site.). Zegveld is tevens hoogleraar War Reparations aan
onze faculteit.
Tussentijdse opdracht
- Literatuur deze drie weken gebruiken; aantal van de teksten niet alles;
- Inleveren 20 mei;
- Essay;
- 800 – 1000 woorden;
Vier ideaaltypen van een goed advocaat (tekst Parker)
• De advocaat als ‘hired gun’ (adversarial advocacy)
• De ‘verantwoordelijk advocaat’ (dutiful lawyering or the lawyer as gatekeeper)
• De ‘relationele advocaat’ (relational lawyering)
• De moreel activistische advocaat (morally activist lawyer)
Artikel 10a, eerste lid, van de Advocatenwet
‘In het belang van een goede rechtsbedeling draagt de advocaat zorg voor de rechtsbescherming van
zijn cliënt. Daartoe is de advocaat bij de uitoefening van zijn beroep:
a) onafhankelijk ten opzichte van zijn cliënt, derden en de zaken waarin hij als zodanig
optreedt;
b) partijdig bij de behartiging van de gerechtvaardigde belangen van zijn cliënt;
c) deskundig en kan hij beschikken over voldoende kennis en vaardigheden;
d) integer en onthoudt hij zich van enig handelen of nalaten dat een behoorlijk advocaat niet
betaamt; en
e) vertrouwenspersoon en neemt hij geheimhouding in acht binnen de door de wet en het recht
gestelde grenzen.’
Advocatuur als strijd voor sociale rechtvaardigheid
Mohandas Gandhi, Nelson Mandela, Shirin Ebadi, Mary Robinson, Charles Hamilton Houston, Carol
Weiss King, Constance Baker Motley, Thurgood Marshall, Arthur Kinoy, Clarence Darrow, Dinoisia
Diaz Garcia of Honduras, Digna Ochoa, Ella Bhatt, Salih Mahmoud Osman etc (zie ook brief
Quigley).
Eigen ‘niche binnen vakgebied legal ethics
A. Algemeen
What’s in a name:
“A review of the relevant literature and the papers collected in this volume reveals a wide array of
general definitions of cause lawyering. Such lawyering as I have called “lawyering for the good”
others have called “social justice” lawyering, “public interest” lawyering, “rebellious” lawyering,
“activist” lawyering, progressive lawyering, “transformative” lawyering, equal justice lawyering,
“radical” lawyering, lawyering for social change, “critical” lawyering, socially conscious lawyering,
lawyering for the underrepresented, lawyering for the subordinated, "alternative" lawyering, political
lawyering, and "visionary" lawyering, to name but a few of the variations. And these are only generic
definitions, as distinguished from the “cause specific” labels of civil rights, poverty, legal aid,
environmental, labor, death penalty, feminist, disability, and defense lawyering.”
1
, Uit: Carrie Menkel Meadow, ‘The Causes of Cause Lawyering: Toward an Understanding of the
Motivation and Commitment of Social Justice Lawyers’ , in: Sarat, Austin, Scheingold, Stuart
A., Cause Lawyering : Political Commitments and Professional Responsibilities.
Werk definitie
“ cause lawyering is any activity that seeks to use law related means or seeks to change laws or
regulations to achieve greater social justice—both for particular individuals (drawing on
individualistic "helping" orientations) and for disadvantaged groups. Whether the means and strategies
used are legally based "rights" strategies or more broadly based "needs" strategies, the goals and
purposes of the legal actor are to "do good"—to seek a more just world—to do "lawyering for the
good.'' (Carrie-MenkelMeadow )
Kenmerken praktijk; tegen de stroom in?
• financieel lastig
• sociaal/politiek lastig (veel weerstand)
• juridisch lastig (buiten gebaande paden)
• lange adem (duur procedures/gerede kans op verlies van zaak)
• Vergt moed
• Eenzaam (insider/outsider)? (Polikoff/Chestnut)
• Houvast: ‘hoger doel’?
• Motief: altruisme/rechtvaardigheidsgevoel?
Uit: You know the type (T.M. Hilbink)
Historische achtergrond
2
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