Summary
Samenvatting Organizational Behavior (422057-B-5)
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All lectures from Organizational BehaviourLecture 1 – OB
Organization you can see it as a sort of machine but there are human aspects
Human aspects in organization people who think the ideas, who are monitoring the process
Bij een organisatie heb je aan de ene kant elementen die zijn ontworpen om iets te produceren
(technisch aspect), maar daarnaast heb je ook het human aspect
Organizations: machines or ecosystems?
Classical era Max Weber’s bureaucracy
Hoge mate van technische specialisatie wat
bijdraagt aan the whole functioning system
Rigid control, chain of command system. Helpt
om het coördineren van het bovenstaande.
The organization and the people who are
working in the organization people with
technical specialization who are contributing
something to this whole system in order to
organize them rigid control
After this human relations era movement:
Hawthorne studies
Helps to improve the organization and it helps
to function better
Hoe zorg je ervoor dat je personeel meedenkt en
dat je personeel meedenkt en je een
aanpasbare/adaptive en innovative organization krijgt
- Employee motivation: Ze gingen kijken hoe ze werknemers meer gemotiveerd konden
krijgen.
- Group dynamics: How to understand group dynamics/ andere social processes? Kijken naar
hoe een organisatie kan verbeteren en beter functioneren.
- Flexible organizations: I.p.v. een streng gecontroleerde organisatie → Hoe kunnen we een
organisatie flexibeler maken? Hoe kunnen we mensen meer engaged krijgen? Om een
innovatieve organisatie te krijgen.
Contingency approach combines them both sometimes you need to see a organization as a
machine and sometimes you need to see it as an ecosystem where you see the influence of
human relations
Thus organization is a system of people + has a goal mail goal: to survive + it’s a group
effort you have to coordinate this
,Why is organizational behaviour interesting?
Most of our lives are embedded in organizations
Average person spends over 100.000 hours at work in life 35% of our waking hours during
working life
Even if we step outside of our working life non-work live involves interaction with other
organizations supermarket, bars, watching football match
Organizational behaviour focusses on the human side of management
Contemporary management issues:
Diversity organizations are getting more global, have to integrate all these aspects
Employee health and well-being make sure people are okay
Talent management & employee engagement employees have to develop
themselves and have to be part of the organization, so as employer you have to fix this
Corporate social responsibility not only think about profit
How is organizational behaviour different?
Example about musicians the aim of the rock band: sell many albums, they have a manager
Economics: how to utilize the talent pool to pick the best musicians? for profit
Psychology: are the musicians intrinsically motivated?
Management: what is the best time to release the new album?
HRM: how can we increase the skills of each musicians? (individual)
Organizational Behaviour: (thinks also about the group):
Are the musicians forming a band with synergy?
Can they collectively improve?
Do they back up each other’s mistakes?
How are the decision being made?
Are they committed to their band?
To what extent a different manger would yield different band processes?
How can the band be more creative together?
it’s more about the band and that there are more processes in the team
How to investigate organizational behaviour?
Individuals do not perform in isolation, but they are constantly interacting with others
Their behaviours are influenced by their surroundings, embedded in teams
,Organizations are complex systems that
‘live’ within and depend on the external
environment
To survive and adapt, they need to
transform inputs to outputs efficiently
and flexibly
It aims to focus on three different levels
Individuals operate in teams
Individuals have interaction with the
teams
Een individu heeft zelf behoeftes en dit
staat in connectie met de teams en deze
samen zorgen ervoor dat de input een
output wordt
Plaatje hoort bij dit bovenstaande stuk
Course overview:
Lecture 1. Human actors and their qualities: personalities, learning, motivation
What does make an individual unique? We will start with personality
Personality
What is personality?
Refers to the distinctive way by which individuals react to people, situations, and problems
and how they tend to feel, think and behave
Relatively stable from around 30th birthday
Human history it was quite
difficult to see what kind of
personalities there were
There are many different models
who describe the different
personalities
One example
, But a lot are based on extrovert or introvert and the four different qualities
Using personality tests
MBTI has limited scientific foundation, but it is used a lot in organizations
Psychologists aimed at
developing psychology tests
with scientific validity
E.g.: five-factor
model of personality
(big 5) been tested
quite widely
picture below
OCEAN
You get a score can be in
between categories
Locus of control
Degree to which a person takes responsibility for his/her behaviour and its consequences
Internal locus of control you make things happen
External locus of control things happen to you
Self-monitoring
Do you observe your behaviour to look appropriate, or you do not care?
High self-monitoring (chameleons) highly responsive to social and interpersonal ques and
adjust their behaviours accordingly good networkers, know how to behave and present
yourself
Low self-monitoring (true-to-themselves) expressive of their inner states (attitudes,
feelings, traits) in a functional way adaptive to ambiguous situations dubbelzinnige
situaties? Hier hebben high-self-monitoring persons meer moeite mee
Self-efficacy
The belief that one possesses adequate strength and overcome adversities (de overtuiging dat
men over voldoende kracht beschikt en tegenslagen overwint)
Specific goal/task/ability
Can increase or decrease through experience of situational factors
Whether you think that you can, or that you can’t, you are usually right
Albert Bandura
for example you can challenge yourself and observe others and learn from this to
increase your self-efficacy so you can increase your belief
Why care about personality?
Most important for OB
- When hiring, check if the person fits whit the company/project/team (many organizations
have tests and surveys for this)
- Create groups with the ‘right mix’ of members
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