Exam (elaborations)
PGT Progress Test April 2021 BUAS/NHTV
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Notes and questions/answers based on the PGT from April 2021.
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PGT April 2021 questions1. Mr. Carlo Paretti is the project manager at an event venue in Rome. In this role, he is responsible
for the planning of several big events. for a new event, he writes a phasing plan. The goal of
phasing is to create an overview for the project team members.
2. The reason for making a WBS during a project is to create an overview.
a. WBS = work breakdown structure
3. According to the Mommaas’ model of the leisure industry, a wellness is an active leisure
experience.
4. The increase in people’s available time/spatial possibilities is the result of the increase in the use
of computers.
5. Focus groups are especially suitable when you want to understand the dynamics between
members of a social group.
a. Focus group = research technique used to collect data through group interaction. The
people are carefully selected.
b. The success of a focus group depends on the skills of the moderator.
c. Focus groups are limited in terms of their ability to generalize findings to a whole
population.
d. Focus groups can sometimes be more expensive than the individual interviews.
6. The leisure sector is more complex than other sectors due to a large variety of goals. That is why
the social cost and benefit analysis is especially important for the leisure sector.
a. Social cost and benefit analysis = a decision support tool that measuers and compares
project costs (capital and operating expenses) with a broad range of (social) impacts.
, 7. Gordon’s “I-Message” is phrased using the formula: behavior + feelings + effects.
8. We arrive at contribution after subtracting variable costs from sales revenue.
a. Margin of safety – a principle of investing in which an investor only purchases securities
when their market price is significantly below their intrinsic value. In accounting, it
refers to the difference between actual sales and break-even sales.
9. Geursen describes the concept of vision as a collection of subjective views.
10. The HR (human resource management; part of the human capital) Cycle consists of the following
aspects: planning, performance, appraisal.
11. The script is different from the planning of an event because it is more specific and detailed and
indicates where and when someone has a task.
12. A characteristic of a high visibility in operations is the service being produced win collaboration
with the customer.
13. The variance analysis compares the budget vs. actual.
a. Variance analysis – quantitative investigation of the difference between actual and
planned behavior.
14. Incomplete coupling is a system of rewarding people in organizations that combines a basic
wage with extras (related to performance).
a. Pay for performance system – a performance-based pay program where an employee is
rewarded for achieving goals or objectives.
b. Piecework – paying an employee a fixed pay rate for each unit they produce.
i. E.g., manufacturing, translation, call centers, cable installations, truck driving…
15. You need to have information on the characteristics the customer finds important to make a
good positioning map.
16. Setting a budged in accordance with company’s competitors implies using the competitive parity
method.
a. Competitive parity method – budgeting method where an advertiser chooses to use a
level of spending on advertising that is similar to the advertising level being used by
major competitors.
b. Objective and task method – a system in which a company allocates a certain amount of
money to its marketing budget based on specific objectives, rather than choosing an
arbitrary amount or basing its marketing budget sales revenues or projections alone.
c. Percentage of sales method – a method in which all of a business’s accounts (COGS,
inventory, cash) are calculated as a percentage of sales.
17. According to Covey, the foundation of the Win-Win is the character.
18. According to Covey, effectiveness does not depend solely on how much energy we expand, but
where we expend it. The industry needs the leader role first, and manager role second.
19. A group of people wants to improve their iPhone experience and they start a forum online
where they give each other tips and try to solve problems. This is a community of practice.
a. Community of practice
b. Community of purpose
i. E.g., a group of students coming together because they want to obtain ECTS for
the test.
c. Community of interest
20. “Buying time to think about the proposal” belongs to the negotiation strategy of inaction.
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