Bij verdenking op osteoporose wordt de BMD Elektromyografie
= de elektrische activiteit van de spieren en de zenuwgeleiding van d
(Botmineraaldichtheid) gemeten = DXA-scan zenuwen die de spieren aansturen meten.
(Botdensitometrie)
, Osteoporose (botontkalking)
= Progressieve skeletaandoening = lage botdichtheid
Risicofactoren: vrouwen, ouderen, fracturen, onvoldoende calcium, vitamine D en fosf
familiaire osteoporose, chronische aandoeningen, ondergewicht, verminderde mobilit
ongezonde leefstijl, medicatie.
Symptomen: Asymptomatisch, pas na een fractuur.
Diagnostiek: BMD meten m.b.v DXA-scan of bloedonderzoek.
Behandeling: niet geneesbaar, wel risico op fracturen verkleinen. Calciumtabletten o
Vitamine D3.
, Rachitis (kinderen) / Osteomalacie
(volwassen)
= botaandoeningen, gebrek aan vitamine D
Botten worden zachter en buigzamer.
Risicofactoren: ouderen, gepigmenteerde huid, weinig zonlichtexposie, tekort aan vitamine D in voeding,
vetmalabsorptie, nierinsufficientie en medicatie.
Symptomen: O-benen, botten zijn broos en vatbaar voor fracturen, groeivertraging, spierzwakte
Botpijn, spierpijn en spierzwakte.
Diagnostiek: Labaratoriumbepalingen calcium, D en PTH
Behandeling: extra suppletie met hoog gedoseerde vitamine D-preparaten en meer zonexpositie
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