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Samenvatting stof van Management en Informatiesystemen (Bedrijfseconomie)
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Information Management - Information Systems Today: Managing in the digital world (Valacich & Scheider)
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Samenvatting Information Systems
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Management en informatiesystemenInhoudsopgave
Week 1........................................................................................................................................................................... 2
Week 2........................................................................................................................................................................... 3
Week 3........................................................................................................................................................................... 6
Week 4.......................................................................................................................................................................... 10
Week 5.......................................................................................................................................................................... 14
Week 6.......................................................................................................................................................................... 19
Week 7.......................................................................................................................................................................... 21
Week 8.......................................................................................................................................................................... 25
Chapter 2...............................................................................................................................................................................25
Chapter 4...............................................................................................................................................................................27
Week 9.......................................................................................................................................................................... 28
Chapter 5...............................................................................................................................................................................28
Week 10........................................................................................................................................................................ 30
Chapter 8...............................................................................................................................................................................30
Week 11........................................................................................................................................................................ 32
Chapter 10.............................................................................................................................................................................32
Chapter 9...............................................................................................................................................................................34
Week 12........................................................................................................................................................................ 38
,Week 1
Information system: combination of people and information technology (hardware, software, communication),
that create, collect, process, store and distribute useful data and information in an organization.
Information management: the management of information technology, business processes and people to
obtain a strategic objective.
- Objective: to develop (better) information systems that support realizing the strategic objectives.
Enterprise resource planning (ERP):
- Information is shared across the organization via a single system.
- Everybody’s information system supports decision-making at all levels of the organization.
Business analytics: transforming data into meaningful information to support business decision-making.
- Data-driven decision-making
DIKW model: personal, commercial or government
Artificial intelligence: megatrend
- Concerned with two basic ideas [Turban]: studying the thought processes of humans and representing
and duplicating these processes via machines.
- Behavior by a machine that, if performed by a human being, would be called intelligent [Minsky]
- The study of how computers do things at which, now, people are better [Rich and Knight]
E-commerce: getting to know your customer.
Digital divide:
- We are very dependent on information and ICTs.
o Those who are information savvy have the upper hand.
o Outages can cause significant disruptions.
- People can be left behind in the Information Age.
o Strong linkage between computer literacy and a person’s ability to compete in the Information
Age.
, o People in rural communities, the elderly, people with disabilities, and minorities lag national
averages for Internet access and computer literacy.
o The challenges in overcoming the digital divide are even greater in developing countries.
Technology helps us to:
- Gather (large quantities) data, manually & automatically, from different sources.
- Analyse the data and turn it into information.
o Structure, clean and store the data.
o Develop profiles and new insights.
- Provide information to people when making decisions, consciously and unconsciously, anytime,
anywhere.
To build effective information systems you need to understand what knowledge is needed, around decisions.
Designing information systems: taking the building blocks and putting them together
- Data: the root and purpose of information systems
- Hardware, software and telecommunication networks: the components of information systems
- People: the builders, managers and users of information systems
- Organizations: the context of information systems
Data omzetten in een strategisch voordeel:
Week 2
Tends in IT that create changes in organizations and society:
- Mobile computing:
o Traditional PCs versus mobile
o Implications: increased collaboration, manage business in real time, new ways to reach
customers, different organization of work, different payment methods
o Handheld electronic notebooks/smart phone for police
- Social media:
o Used by organizations to encourage employee collaboration or connect with their customers.
o Psychological profiles for recruitment and selection
- Internet of things:
o Devices have embedded computers and sensors, enabling connectivity over the internet.
o Applications: smart homes with intelligent appliances, parking spaces, traffic control
o Intelligent refrigerator, embedded systems in cars/connected car.
- Cloud computing:
o Web technologies enable the internet as the platform for applications and data.
, o Applications that used to be installed on individual computers are increasingly kept in the cloud
(Gmail, google docs, calendar) (parts of business information systems in the cloud)
o Trend: from local database to cloud database
- Big data and business analytics:
o Analytics of click-stream data.
o Supply chain visibility
- E-commerce/e-business: commerce accelerated and enhanced by IT.
o E-commerce business models:
o Online shop: every time you’re asked to input data, you’re accessing a database.
o Web shops that start physical stores
o Recommender systems: systems that seek to predict the rating or preference that a user would
give to an item.
o Dynamic pricing: flexible prices for products or services based on current market demands.
- Artificial intelligence:
o Concerned with studying the thought processes of humans and representing and duplicating
these processes via machines.
o Behaviour by a machine that, if performed by a human being, would be called intelligent.
o The study of how computers od things at which, now, people are better.
o Chat bots: program that attempts to simulate typed conversation with the aim of at least
temporarily fooling a human into thinking they were talking to another person/expert.
o March of the machines: experts warn that the substitution of machinery for human labour may
render the population redundant.
Could destroys millions of jobs, in the past technology created more jobs than it
destroyed. Now transition is faster, and technologies diffuse more quickly. Workers
must gain new skills.
- Blockchain:
o Shared digital database, used by a network of actors, to specify contracts or transitions.
o Fiddling with transitions is not possible because everybody has a real-time copy of the database
on their computer.
All transactions are stored so nobody can change items.
All actors in the network can check transitions.
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