This document is composed of essential knowledges you must know during your flight training. It deals with courses on Instrument rules, weather, NOTAM etc.. All you must know before taking the flight exams, as examinator might ask you during the briefing.
The content of the following sheets refers to all information you might need to answer some IR procedures
questions, weather questions during your training, or exam flight. The document is partly made from DOC
8168 PANS-OPS, ICAO, and is EASA compliant.
FIX TOLERANCE OVERHEADING A STATION.................................................................................................
FIX TOLERANCE WITHIN INITIAL/INTERMEDIATE APP FIX ...........................................................................
AIRCRAFT CATEGORIES ................................................................................................................................
PATH TERMINATOR......................................................................................................................................
DEPARTURE PROCEDURE .............................................................................................................................
PROCEDURE DESIGN GRADIENT PDG ..........................................................................................................
ARRIVAL SEGMENT ......................................................................................................................................
INITIAL APPROACH SEGMENT ......................................................................................................................
INTERMEDIATE APPROACH SEGMENT.........................................................................................................
FINAL APPROACH SEGMENT ........................................................................................................................
STEPDOWN ..................................................................................................................................................
HOLDING PATTERN ......................................................................................................................................
VISUAL MANOEUVRING – CIRCLING AREA ..................................................................................................
MISSED APPROACH ......................................................................................................................................
ALTIMETER SETTING ....................................................................................................................................
COMMUNICATION FAILURE .........................................................................................................................
AIRSPACE CLASSES .......................................................................................................................................
VISUAL AIDS .................................................................................................................................................
TYPE OF APPROACH .....................................................................................................................................
DISPLAY ON CDI............................................................................................................................................
PLANNING MINIMA.....................................................................................................................................
OPERATIONAL MINIMA...............................................................................................................................
METAR – Meteorological Airport Report ....................................................................................................
TAF – Terminal Aerodrome Forecast ..........................................................................................................
TEMSI – TEMps SIgnificatfif ........................................................................................................................
SIGMET – SIGnificant METeorological ........................................................................................................
SATELLITE IMAGE .........................................................................................................................................
WINTEM ......................................................................................................................................................
NOTAM – NOTICE TO AIRMEN ....................................................................................................................
, FIX TOLERANCE OVERHEADING A STATION
Facility VOR NDB DME
Cone 50° 40°
Fix +/- 5° Entry +/- 15°, within the 0.25 NM + 0.0125
tolerance cone +/- 5° distance
FIX TOLERANCE WITHIN INITIAL/INTERMEDIATE APP FIX
≤ 2NM, if FAF is VOR, NDB, VOR/DME.
Fix tolerance ≤ 0.25x Segment length.
Terminal area surveillance radar, within 20 NM, the fix tolerance is +/- 0.8NM.
En-route area surveillance radar, within 40 NM, the fix tolerance is +/- 1.7NM.
AIRCRAFT CATEGORIES
According to Vat (speed at threshold) = 1.3 VSO or 1.23 VS1g in the landing configuration at MLW.
CAT Vapp
A < 91kt
B 91 to 120 kt
C 121 to 140 kt
D 141 to 165 kt
E 166 to 210 kt
PATH TERMINATOR
PATH TERMINATOR
Cst DME arc A A Altitude
Course to C C Distance
Direct Track D D DME distance
Course from a fix to F F Fix
Holding pattern H I Next leg
Initial I M Manual termination
Cst radius R R Radial termination
Track between T
Heading to V
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