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Summary The Demonstration at the Champ de Mars
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Notes on the Demonstration at the Champ de Mars during the French Revolution
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The Demonstration at the Champ de MarsWhy?
Cordeliers and other more extreme societies decided to organise a meeting at the Champ de
Mars on 17th July where people could sign a petition calling for the establishment of a
republic
Champs de Mars was a large field on the edge of Paris
Chose Champs de Mars as 3 days earlier had been site of the 14 th July ‘Feast of the
Federation’ + in the centre stood the ‘Altar of the Fatherland’
What happened?
Around 6000 people went to the meeting, sparking more fears of disorder
The NA and moderate Paris Commune sent Lafayette and the National Guards to ensure
order; this had the reverse effect
As numbers built up and Lafayette moved in to disperse the mobs, stones were thrown at
the NG; when warning shots had no result the Guards fired directly on the crowds
Around 50 probably killed; not large number but to the radicals this was a betrayal of the
‘people’ by the moderates: a massacre
Significance?
The massacre completed the split that had already opened among those of the former 3 rd
estate
Those alarmed at the potential power of the mobs took the side of the ‘moderates’
(moderates inc. most of Commune, NA, Layafette)
One group including Barnarve + Lafayette broke with the Jacobins and made their own
moderate ‘Feuillant Club’; convinced they must prevent the revolution from becoming more
extreme
Having broken up the radical CdM protest they forced the closure of many ‘patriotic’ clubs
and newspapers and drove the extremist leaders underground
Danton went to England
Desmoulins and Marat went into hiding
Whole event increased the sense of tension and anxiety, to be made worse by added fear of
Austrian invasion
How did the CdM create division in France?
Divisions between those with moderate and extremist views inc. split in
Divisions between working class involved in petitions and deputies/ bourgeoisie
Divisions between those who supported monarchy and didn’t
How did the CdM contribute to the collapse of constitutional monarchy?
People came to resent the NA who were suppressive and weren’t doing the right thing in
putting leaders in exile
People couldn’t work together to get things done- whole system can’t work as king can’t be
trusted and violence is occurring between the people so it needs changing
Champs de Mars massacre or Flight to Varennes more significant?
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