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Extensive summary of ALL lectures and researches (got a 9.6) - Topic All Things Media? Emerging Communication Technologies And Their Impact On Us And Society $10.73
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Extensive summary of ALL lectures and researches (got a 9.6) - Topic All Things Media? Emerging Communication Technologies And Their Impact On Us And Society

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Very extensive summary of ALL lectures and researches. I got a 9.6 at the actual exam. I also added when the information is relevant to the final exam.

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  • October 16, 2021
  • 114
  • 2020/2021
  • Summary

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Topic All Things Media? Emerging communication technologies and their impact on us and
society


Introduction
In only 20 years a lot of communication technologies have emerged without which we think
that we cannot live anymore.
We spend more time online than offline
When we lose our phones or internet we panic
The situation in terms of communication technologies that we face in 2020 is significantly
different than only 20 years ago
Topic is about: the idea that the technologies that have emerged that have changed our
lives.
The changes in technologies that we witnessed in the last 20 years seemed so natural (as
if they had been there all the time).
We see a lot of emerging technologies that is at the beginning of becoming a thing


Niko Mobile phone, paper newspaper, cameras are illustrations of how quickly changes have
happened in only 20 years.
Yes, changes in the media landscape have happened before
But in the last 20 years the speed of the changes in communication technologies have
become much faster


Netflix changed the television completely.
So to judge and contextualize a change, forces us to think more deeply about the underlying
elements and general and lasting factors that drive these developments.
There’s no point in just analyzing the latest gadget/app without understanding the
underlying elements
To understand these underlying elements, we should understand some basis definitions.
It’s interesting to understand in the future why certain things you’d considered important
back then today happened or did not happen and why this was the case

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The first concept that is crucial for our understanding emerging communication technologies
is the concept of: Mass communication (RELEVANT TO FINAL EXAM)


Mass Communication
Some scholars decry the concept of mass communication as ‘dead’.
Lecturer doesn’t agree: mass communication has certainly lost the role it played in the
second half 20th century. But it’s still around and important to consider.
This concept is still valid, but it is especially important as a background to understand the
magnitude of the changes in terms of emerging communication technologies
Sometimes certain aspects of masscomm still applies and sometimes not. This shows that
communication has changed and is changing.
 Definition based on Maletzke (1963) who came up with 5 characteristics:
1. Public
Communication should be in principle generally accessible / public
And does not have defined group of recipients
The traditional newspaper is in principle accessible for everybody who is willing
to pay for it
Also television (if you want to pay for it of course)
2. Technologically mediated (technological mediation of communication)
Opposite of something that is not mediated: talking directly to each other.
There would be no technological mediation; it’s face to face.
There’s computer in between for example.
3. Indirect
The messages that someone sends (like a journalist; sender) and the reader /
receiver of the message are separated in space and time
The journalist wrote the news yesterday, but the receiver read it today
This is clearly separated by time
The journalist might have wrote the article in Amsterdam, while you read it
somewhere else
This is separated by space
4. One-sided: mass communication is one-sided.
There’s no possibility for the receiver to ask the sender a question

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The sender doesn’t answer
This is one-sided: the message flows from the sender to the receiver.
No reciprocity: I talk, you listen
5. Dispersed audience
Mass communication is targeted at an audience that is spread across space and
time
The journalist wrote an article some time ago, that is received by the readers
all over the Netherlands: spread over space and time. The receivers read it
wherever and whenever.
Dispersed audience


Is an online lecture mass communication?
 It’s technologically mediated unlike a traditional lecture
 It’s indirect
 It’s one-sided
 Every student watches it on your own time and wherever.
 However, it is public?
This aspect clearly separates mass communication with an online lecture
You need to be enrolled to this course to follow the lectures, so you not everyone
has access to this course.
It is not generally accessible to everyone
There’s a clear defined group of recipients
 So NO it’s not mass communication.


What is communication anyway? (RELEVANT TO FINAL EXAM)


10 Characteristics to face-to-face communication (e.g. Floyd, 2011; Pearson et al., 2003;
Thurlow et al., 2004).
1. Intentionality / Awareness of all involved persons
All involved persons are aware of the situation
2. Mutual co-orientation
Those who are involved in f2f communication, need to have implicitly a little bit of

, 4

a notion of the other
If you’re talking to a person you need to have a little bit of a notion of the other, so
you at least need to have an orientation that this person speaks the same language.
That it knows of some things that I require important to understand what I’m
talking about (communication).
There needs to be a bit of orientation from both sides.
 Direct
It needs to be direct of course otherwise it would be indirect
 Negotiation of meaning (encoding and decoding)
Crucial for f2f communication and human communication
In f2f communication there’s a possibility to negotiate meaning by asking: what do
you mean?
This serves the purpose to decode what somebody else (the sender) encoded.
To clarify what a sender wants to say
Use of sarcasm/irony (opposite what you really mean), most people would
understand that you’re being sarcastic.
However, there are more complex situations when the sarcastic message was it
not being understood
The negotiation of meaning is therefore really important to understand what is
meant by just responding: did you really mean that?
The possibility to ask and negotiate is crucial in f2f and human communication
 Exchange of communicator and receiver role, reciprocity
F2f: The one who says something and the one who answers, the one who encodes
something and the one who decodes something, one who creates the message and
one who receives the message can be exchanged. This is reciprocity
Person A says something and person B answers and says something in addition to
which Person A responds. Communicator and receiver clearly change. There’s
constantly an exchange going on.
 Process (dynamic, changing)
F2f communication is dynamic: it’s constantly changing; there’s constantly
something going on.

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