Summary
Samenvatting Sv methoden van wetenschappelijk onderzoek DEEL I KWANTITATIEF
- Course
- Institution
- Book
Duidelijke samenvatting
[Show more]
Connected book
Book Title:
Author(s):
- Edition:
- ISBN:
- Edition:
More summaries for
-
Test Bank for Research Methods for the Behavioral Sciences {6th Edition 2024} by Gravetter | All Chapters | Updated
-
Test Bank for Research Methods for the Behavioral Sciences {6th Edition 2024} by Gravetter | All Chapters | Updated
-
Test Bank for Research Methods for the Behavioral Sciences 6th Edition by Gravetter All Chapters 1-16 LATEST
Seller
Follow
lauratijskens
Reviews received
Content preview
Methoden van wetenschappelijkonderzoek DEEL 1: Kwantitatieve meth.
Inhoudsopgave
1/ H1: Inleiding........................................................................................................................................... 4
Niet-wetenschappelijke methoden om kennis te vergaren ................................................................................. 4
Wetenschappelijke methoden ............................................................................................................................. 5
Empirische cyclus ................................................................................................................................................. 8
2/ H2: Hypothesen ................................................................................................................................... 10
Hypothesen formuleren ..................................................................................................................................... 10
3/ H3: Variabelen definiëren en meten...................................................................................................... 11
Variabelen definiëren......................................................................................................................................... 11
Constructen en operationele definities .............................................................................................................. 11
Validiteit en betrouwbaarheid ........................................................................................................................... 12
4/ H5: Participanten selecteren ................................................................................................................. 19
Steekproeftrekking ............................................................................................................................................. 19
Probability sampling...................................................................................................................................... 20
Nonprobability sampling ............................................................................................................................... 22
5/ H6: Onderzoeksstrategieën en validiteit ................................................................................................ 23
Onderzoeksstrategieën (5) ................................................................................................................................. 23
Validiteit ............................................................................................................................................................. 25
Externe validiteit ........................................................................................................................................... 25
Interne validiteit ............................................................................................................................................ 26
6/ H7: Experimentele onderzoeksstrategie ................................................................................................ 29
Oorzaak-gevolg relaties ..................................................................................................................................... 29
Elementen van experiment ................................................................................................................................ 30
7/ H8: Experimentele designs: tussen-subject designs ................................................................................ 34
Karakteristieken ................................................................................................................................................. 34
Individuele verschillen ........................................................................................................................................ 35
Grote variabiliteit ............................................................................................................................................... 35
Andere bedreigingen van interne validiteit ....................................................................................................... 36
8/ H9: Experimentele designs: binnen-subject designs ............................................................................... 37
Karakteristieken ................................................................................................................................................. 37
1
, Bedreigingen voor interne validiteit .................................................................................................................. 38
Vergelijking: tussen- vs binnen-subject designs................................................................................................. 41
9/ H10: Non- en Quasi-experimentele strategieën en designs..................................................................... 42
Tussen-subject designs: niet-equivalente groep designs ................................................................................... 42
Binnen subject designs: pre-post designs .......................................................................................................... 44
Designs voor ontwikkelingsonderzoek ............................................................................................................... 45
Overzicht ............................................................................................................................................................ 47
10/ H11: Factoriële designs ....................................................................................................................... 48
Factorieel design: kenmerken ............................................................................................................................ 48
Hoofdeffecten en interacties.............................................................................................................................. 49
Types factoriële designs ..................................................................................................................................... 51
Toepassing ......................................................................................................................................................... 53
11/ H12: Correlationele onderzoeksstrategie ............................................................................................. 54
Kenmerken correlationeel onderzoek ................................................................................................................ 54
Toepassing ......................................................................................................................................................... 55
Meerdere variabelen.......................................................................................................................................... 56
12/ H13: Beschrijvende onderzoeksstrategie ............................................................................................. 57
Kenmerken beschrijvend onderzoek .................................................................................................................. 57
Observationeel design........................................................................................................................................ 57
TYPES observationeel design ........................................................................................................................ 59
Survey design ..................................................................................................................................................... 59
Case study design............................................................................................................................................... 62
13/ Open Science ..................................................................................................................................... 63
Wat is wetenschap? ........................................................................................................................................... 63
Wetenschappelijke methode ........................................................................................................................ 63
Wetenschappelijke cyclus ............................................................................................................................. 63
Deel 1: waarom Open Science?.......................................................................................................................... 64
Wat gaat er mis? ........................................................................................................................................... 64
Deel 2: Open Science in de praktijk .................................................................................................................... 65
Plan van aanpak: 5 pijlers van Open Science ................................................................................................ 65
Delen van het onderzoek .............................................................................................................................. 66
Wanneer welke delen? ................................................................................................................................. 67
Open science: voordelen .............................................................................................................................. 68
14/ H14: Case study & Single-case designs ................................................................................................. 69
Case study designs ............................................................................................................................................. 69
Single case experimental designs ...................................................................................................................... 69
Elementen ..................................................................................................................................................... 70
Effecten nagaan ............................................................................................................................................ 70
Fases en veranderingen in fases ................................................................................................................... 70
Reversal desings ............................................................................................................................................ 73
Multiple-baseline desings ............................................................................................................................. 74
2
, Voor- en nadelen........................................................................................................................................... 75
15/ Kwalitatieve en kwantitatieve methoden ............................................................................................ 76
Case 1: kwantitatief -> kwalitatief ..................................................................................................................... 76
Case 2: kwalitatief -> kwantitatief ..................................................................................................................... 77
3
, 1/ H1: Inleiding
Meta-analyse = studie van studies, alle resultaten van verschillende studies samenbrengen
Niet-wetenschappelijke methoden om kennis te vergaren
- Vasthoudendheid (tenacity)
o Accepteren van informatie als waar, omdat het altijd zo geweest is of omdat
bijgeloof de info ondersteunt
o Gebaseerd op gewoonte of bijgeloof
o Bepaalde overtuigingen worden vooropgesteld als feiten
o Overdracht van generatie op generatie
o Hardnekkige overtuigingen
- Intuïtie
o Informatie als waar accepteren omdat dit ‘juist aanvoelt’
o Gebaseerd op buikgevoel, voorgevoel, instinct
o Snelle manier om vragen te beantwoorden
o Vaak gebruikt als we over geen enkele info beschikken
o Ethische vraagstukken of morele dilemma’s w vaak opgelost met intuitie
- Autoriteit
o Accepteren info als waar omdat info afkomstig is van expert rond dat
onderwerp
o Gebaseerd op vertrouwen in autoriteit/expert
o Vaak startpunt om kennis te vergaren, snel en makkelijk
o Ook methode van geloof: blind vertrouwen in autoriteitsfiguur
- Rationalisme
o Antwoorden zoeken dr logisch te redeneren
o Vertrekken vanuit set gekende feiten of assumpties (= premissen) + logica om
tot conclusie te komen
o Indien premissen waar + gehanteerde logica correct => conclusie correct
o Rationele methode start pas NA premissen
o Geen info verzameld, geen observaties, geen evidentie,…
o Vaak gebruikt om alternatieve af te wegen zonder alle mogelijkheden
werkelijk uit te proberen
o Alles valt of staat bij de juistheid vd premissen
o Alles valt of staat bij juistheid vh logisch redenen, maar we zijn niet goed in
logisch redeneren
- Empirie
o Antwoorden zoeken dr directe observatie of directe sensorische ervaring
o Alle kennis w verworven dr zintuigen
o Veel antwoorden zijn beschikbaar dr wereld te observeren
o Waarneming en interpretatie vd wereld zijn niet altijd correct
Sensorische ervaring kan misleiden => misinterpretatie of visuele
illusies)
Invloed van voorkennis, verwachtingen, gevoelens, overtuigingen op
perceptie
Kost tijd: met empirische methoden ga je bij probleem versch
oplossingen uitproberen (<> rationele methode) = trial & error
4
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller lauratijskens. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $4.88. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
80467 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now