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Samenvatting hoorcolleges SBG2
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Dit is een samenvatting van alle hoorcolleges van SBG2 op ALO-Hoofdfase 1.
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HOORCOLLEGESBG2
[BEDRIJFSNAAM] | [BEDRIJFSADRES]
,Inhoudsopgave
Week 1................................................................................................................................................................ 3
Epidemiologie ................................................................................................................................................ 4
Epidemiologische breuk ................................................................................................................................ 4
Determinanten leefstijl .................................................................................................................................. 5
Onderzoek ..................................................................................................................................................... 5
Week 2................................................................................................................................................................ 6
Cardiovasculaire systeem .............................................................................................................................. 6
Het hart.......................................................................................................................................................... 6
Prikkelgeleiding van het hart ......................................................................................................................... 6
Elektrocardiogram (ECG) ............................................................................................................................... 8
Autonome zenuwstelsel ................................................................................................................................ 8
Vaatstelsel ..................................................................................................................................................... 8
Bloeddruk ...................................................................................................................................................... 9
Bloed ............................................................................................................................................................ 10
Verdeling bloed bij inspanning .................................................................................................................... 10
Risicofactoren .............................................................................................................................................. 10
Hart- en vaatziekten .................................................................................................................................... 10
Week 3.............................................................................................................................................................. 11
Overzichtstabel ............................................................................................................................................ 11
Respiratoire en cardiovasculaire processen ................................................................................................ 11
De anatomie van het respiratoire stelsel .................................................................................................... 11
Globaal overzicht ......................................................................................................................................... 12
Het respiratoire stelsel ................................................................................................................................ 12
Pulmonale ventilatie (inspiratie) ................................................................................................................. 13
Pulmonale ventilatie (expiratie) .................................................................................................................. 14
Pulmonale ventilatie (inspiratie en expiratie) ............................................................................................. 14
Longdiffusie (Wet van Boyle) ....................................................................................................................... 15
Pulmonale ventilatie (inspiratie en expiratie) ............................................................................................. 15
Partiële druk ................................................................................................................................................ 16
Zuurstoftransport ........................................................................................................................................ 17
Verzadiging hemoglobine ............................................................................................................................ 17
Invloed pH en temperatuur ......................................................................................................................... 17
CO2 transport ............................................................................................................................................... 17
Week 4.............................................................................................................................................................. 18
Diabetes Mellitus (suikerziekte) .................................................................................................................. 18
Etiologie (oorzakenleer) .............................................................................................................................. 18
De Pancreas (alvleesklier) ............................................................................................................................ 18
Endocrien en Exocrien ................................................................................................................................. 19
Eilandjes van Langerhans............................................................................................................................. 19
Insulineproces in actie ................................................................................................................................. 20
Insuline (lichaamseigen hormoon) .............................................................................................................. 20
Glucagon ...................................................................................................................................................... 20
Diabetes Mellitus I en II ............................................................................................................................... 21
Diabetes Mellitus I ....................................................................................................................................... 21
Diabetes Mellitus II ...................................................................................................................................... 21
Bloedglucosegehalte (bloedsuikerspiegel) .................................................................................................. 21
Hyper(glycemie)........................................................................................................................................... 22
Hypo(glycemie) ............................................................................................................................................ 22
Gevolgen Diabetes Mellitus ......................................................................................................................... 22
Risicofactoren diabetes type II .................................................................................................................... 23
Behandelen diabetes type II ........................................................................................................................ 23
Week 5.............................................................................................................................................................. 24
Cijferoverzicht Nederland in 2017 ............................................................................................................... 24
, Body Mass Index (BMI) ................................................................................................................................ 24
Andere meetmethoden voor overgewicht .................................................................................................. 24
“Gouden standaard” – onderwaterweging ................................................................................................. 24
Obesitas bovenlichaam en onderlichaam ................................................................................................... 24
Classificatie overgewicht en obesitas .......................................................................................................... 25
Gevolgen overgewicht ................................................................................................................................. 25
Etiologische factoren ................................................................................................................................... 25
Erfelijkheid ................................................................................................................................................... 25
Eigenschappen vetcellen ............................................................................................................................. 26
Verbranding: koolhydraten versus vetten ................................................................................................... 26
Intensiteitsniveau ........................................................................................................................................ 26
Verbranding van calorieën .......................................................................................................................... 27
Afvallen ........................................................................................................................................................ 27
Week 6.............................................................................................................................................................. 28
Definitie gezondheid.................................................................................................................................... 28
Organisatie Zenuwstelsel............................................................................................................................. 28
Efferente en Afferente zenuwbanen ........................................................................................................... 28
Het neuron................................................................................................................................................... 29
Rustmembraanpotentiaal en actiepotentiaal ............................................................................................. 30
De synaps en communicatie tussen zenuwcellen ....................................................................................... 31
De motorische eindplaat; communicatie tussen zenuwcel (neuron) en spiervezel .................................... 32
Neurotransmitters ....................................................................................................................................... 32
Neurotransmitters binden aan enkele spiervezels ...................................................................................... 32
Indeling hersenen ........................................................................................................................................ 32
Het Sensorische zenuwstelsel ..................................................................................................................... 33
Motorische respons ..................................................................................................................................... 34
Aandoeningen ............................................................................................................................................. 35
Week 7.............................................................................................................................................................. 36
Wat is verslaving? ........................................................................................................................................ 36
Terugblik - Neurotransmitters ..................................................................................................................... 36
Wanneer een overmatig- of zware drinker of alcoholist? ........................................................................... 37
Drankfeitjes ................................................................................................................................................. 38
Alcohol en de hersenen ............................................................................................................................... 38
Alcohol en het evenwicht (vestibulum) ....................................................................................................... 38
Effecten van alcohol op de sporter.............................................................................................................. 39
Alcohol en sport........................................................................................................................................... 39
Stoppen?...................................................................................................................................................... 39
Rookfeitjes ................................................................................................................................................... 39
Nicotine en de hersenen ............................................................................................................................. 40
Cannabisfeitjes ............................................................................................................................................ 40
Cannabis en de hersenen ............................................................................................................................ 40
Wat zijn nu wel of niet drugs? ..................................................................................................................... 40
, Week 1
Definitie ‘gezond zijn’ volgens de wereld gezondheidsorganisatie:
“Iemand is gezond als hij/zij lichamelijk, geestelijk en sociaal goed in zijn/haar vel zit. Het gaat
er hierbij dus niet alleen maar om of iemand wel of niet ziek is, maar deze drie begrippen
maakt of iemand wel of niet gezond is. ”
Wie bepaalt of je wel of niet gezond bent? → Jijzelf, anderen kunnen er alleen wat van vinden.
Er zijn meerdere factoren die invloed hebben op je gezondheid → zie ‘model van Lalonde’
Het is nooit te laat om de gezonde leefstijl aan te passen, want het heeft altijd effect op je leefstijl.
Als het gaat over gezondheid is preventie belangrijk.
Als we mensen uitleggen wat de gevolgen kunnen zijn van ongezond leven en vervolgens uitleggen
hoe je gezond leeft, kunnen we voorkomen dat ze bv. suikerziekte krijgen en afhankelijk worden van
de medicijnen.
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