Summary
Summary Anorexia, obesity and diabetes
- Course
- Institution
- Book
all what is needed to pass the exam
[Show more]
Connected book
Book Title:
Author(s):
- Edition:
- ISBN:
- Edition:
More summaries for
-
Samenvatting Marks' Basic Medical Biochemistry - Biochemistry (AB_1137)
-
MARKS' BASIC MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY: A CLINICAL APPROACH SIXTH, NORTH AMERICAN EDITION BY MICHAEL A. LIEBERMAN PHD (AUTHOR), ALISA PEET MD (AUTHOR)
-
Fat, cholesterol & atherosclerosis
Seller
Follow
nooralkemade
Reviews received
Content preview
Anorexia, obesity and diabetes1. diabetes type 1 (DM1)
Insulin and glucagon control the blood glucose levels. After a prolonged period of fasting,
ketone bodies kick in. DM1 resembles fasting, degrading fat and muscle, BUT in DM1 the
glucose levels are really high.
After a meal insulin production decreases the
glucagon. So if someone cannot make insulin (so
in DM1), they also cannot suppress the glucagon.
So no levels of glucose that can drop.
The levels get so high that the glucose is leaked
out in the urine.
DM1: because there is no insulin in the system,
muscle and adipose tissue cannot take up the
glucose by the GLUT4 > without insulin it cannot
act on the cell surface.
This is usually to make sure the cells do not take
immediately.
Because there is no insulin, glucagon gets very high > mobilization of AA from muscles and
also mobilizes FA by an active lipase from the adipose tissue. Due to this extreme fasting
state the body is in, also KB kicks in.
Difference in fasting and DM1: in fasting there is little insulin present, but in DM1 there is
NONE. So enormous KB production by extreme glucagon > acetone breath…
Looking at lab values, excessive glucose, ketone, urea secretion & extreme glucagon…
Can lead to diabetic ketoacidosis: a lot of KB > pH drops > COMA
> treatment: well timed insulin injections.
Differences between DM1 and extreme fasting:
in blood DM1 extreme fasting
insluin NONE little
glucagon extreme high increased
glucose extreme high decreased
KB extreme high increased
FFA very high normal
2. Hypercatabolic states
- Anorexia or suppressed appetite (inflammation)
- Sarcopenia: loss of muscle in eldery or immobilized people
- Cachexia wasting disease, very severe illnesses.
Mechanism of sarcopenia and cachexia are very different, but both are loss of muscle.
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller nooralkemade. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $5.93. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
67866 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now