Summary
Samenvatting Animal Models For Psychological And Neurological Disorders (MED-BMS30)
- Course
- Institution
Alle readings samengevat
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
kimvandenbroek83
Reviews received
Content preview
Why animal models?- Law dictates that new drugs are tested for efficacy and toxicology in
animals before they are tested in humans
- Detailed mechanistic understanding of health and (brain) disorders
and ultimately the design of new treatments requires animal experiments
- Fundamental understanding of (neuro)biology
- Controlling factors: genetics, environment, short life span → humans are restricted in
those areas (e.g life span is too long to conduct life long research)
Rat vs. Mouse
face validity: similarity in symptoms → but: evaluation is very subjective
predictive validity: similarity in drug effects → but: individual differences in responsivity to
drugs in humans which are not taken into account + several drugs are not disorder-specific
! construct validity: similarity in neural substrates → but: how do we know whether an animal
model has construct validity if mechanisms are not known in humans
Before animal experiment
Three R’s
, ● Replace: avoid using animals when possible
● Reduce: try to use as few animals as possible
● Refine: ensure the greatest respect towards animal
Transgenic rodent models
Import of animals and GGO
Determine best breeding scheme
Rule: breeding animals have to be crossed every generation with commercially purchased
wild-type animals having the same genetic background as the knockout animal has to
prevent inbreeding.
- Best to use heterozygous animals for this outbreeding
, Problems with breeding
- you do not know when female is estrous
- sometimes mice don’t want to have intercourse
- female can be too old for child (6 months)
Pregnancy
- 19-20 days for mice, 21-22 days for rats
- vaginal plug (white) can be used to see if a rodent is pregnant (in rats this plug falls
out, so look in the cage)
Genotyping
- do it yourself with PCR and gel
- Send DNA samples to company
→ you need primers to know the location and sequence of the mutation
Homologous recombination
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller kimvandenbroek83. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $5.88. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
53022 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now