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Summary Inleiding tot het recht (editie 2019), ISBN: 9789048636419 Inleiding Recht
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samenvatting inleiding tot het recht
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Table of Contents1. Het recht en zijn bronnen................................................................................................9
Het begrip recht:..........................................................................................................................9
RECHT IS GEHEEL VAN BINDENDE REGELS....................................................................................9
RECHT MOET DE SAMENLEVING ORDENEN EN IN STAND HOUDEN..............................................9
HET RECHT VEREIST GEZAG...........................................................................................................9
Publiek recht.................................................................................................................................................10
Privaat recht..................................................................................................................................................10
PUBLIEK RECHT...........................................................................................................................10
Het staatsrecht of grondwettelijk recht.......................................................................................................10
Het bestuurs- of administratief recht...........................................................................................................10
Strafrecht......................................................................................................................................................10
Strafprocesrecht...........................................................................................................................................10
Fiscaal recht..................................................................................................................................................10
PRIVAAT RECHT..........................................................................................................................11
Burgerlijk recht.............................................................................................................................................11
Ondernemingsrecht......................................................................................................................................11
Vennootschapsrecht.....................................................................................................................................11
Gerechtelijk privaatrecht..............................................................................................................................11
Internationaal privaatrecht...........................................................................................................................11
GEMENGDE RECHTSTAKKEN.......................................................................................................11
Economisch recht..........................................................................................................................................11
Financieel recht.............................................................................................................................................11
Sociaal recht...............................................................................................................................11
Arbeidsrecht.................................................................................................................................................11
Sociale zekerheid..........................................................................................................................................11
Intellectueel recht.........................................................................................................................................11
Het internationaal recht...............................................................................................................................11
II.2. INDELING VOLGENS VOLGENS TERRITORIUM......................................................................12
Nationaal recht:............................................................................................................................................12
Internationaal recht.....................................................................................................................................12
II.3. INDELING VOLGENS AFDWINGBAARHEID............................................................................12
Aanvullend recht...........................................................................................................................................12
Dwingend recht.............................................................................................................................................12
Recht van openbare orde.............................................................................................................................12
III. BRONNEN VAN HET RECHT....................................................................................................12
De wet...........................................................................................................................................................13
De algemene rechtsbeginselen.....................................................................................................................13
De rechtspraak..............................................................................................................................................13
De gewoonte.................................................................................................................................................13
De pseudowetgeving....................................................................................................................................13
De rechtsleer.................................................................................................................................................13
De billijkheid.................................................................................................................................................13
NORMENHIERARCHIË.................................................................................................................13
DE GRONDWET...........................................................................................................................14
Europese Unie...............................................................................................................................................15
, 2. Beslissingen supranationale instellingen..................................................................................................15
De federale wet............................................................................................................................................15
Rol senaat.....................................................................................................................................................16
HET DECREET..............................................................................................................................16
Totstandkoming............................................................................................................................................17
DE ORDONNATIE........................................................................................................................17
SAMENWERKINGSAKKOORDEN..................................................................................................17
HET WETSKRACHTIG Koninklijk Besluit.......................................................................................17
Totstandkoming regelmentaire besluiten....................................................................................................17
BESLUITEN VAN DE DEELREGERINGEN........................................................................................17
MINISTRIEEL BESLUIT EN BESLUITEN MINISTERS DEELREGERINGEN...........................................17
PROVINCIALE –EN GEMEENTELIJKE VERORDENINGEN................................................................18
Provinciale verordeningen............................................................................................................................18
Gemeentelijke verordeningen......................................................................................................................18
OEFENINGEN..............................................................................................................................19
2. Burgerlijk recht personen- en familierecht....................................................................24
BURGERLIJK RECHT.....................................................................................................................24
Begrip............................................................................................................................................................24
Burgerlijk wetboek (BW)...............................................................................................................................24
Het familierecht............................................................................................................................................24
Het vermogensrecht.....................................................................................................................................24
HET PERSONENRECHT.................................................................................................................25
HET BEGRIP PERSOON OF RECHTSSUBJECT..................................................................................................25
ATTRIBUTEN VAN DE PERSOONLIJKHEID......................................................................................................26
HET FAMILIERECHT.....................................................................................................................27
Huwelijk........................................................................................................................................................27
Echtscheiding................................................................................................................................................27
Afstamming...................................................................................................................................................28
Ouderlijk gezag.............................................................................................................................................29
Ouderlijke plicht............................................................................................................................................29
Samenlevingscontract...................................................................................................................................29
HET FAMILIAAL VERMOGENSRECHT...........................................................................................30
Huwelijksvermogensstelsel..........................................................................................................................30
WETTELIJK STELSEL.......................................................................................................................................31
Gemeenschappelijk vermogen.....................................................................................................................31
Niet-testamentair erfrecht.........................................................................................................31
TESTAMENTAIR ERFRECHT..........................................................................................................32
Inhoud nalatenschap:...................................................................................................................................32
OEFENINGEN..............................................................................................................................33
HET VERMOGENSRECHT.............................................................................................................37
Zakelijke rechten...........................................................................................................................................37
Eigendomsrecht..........................................................................................................................37
Vruchtgebruik.............................................................................................................................37
Erfdienstbaarheden....................................................................................................................38
, Erfpacht......................................................................................................................................38
Zakelijke bijrechten....................................................................................................................38
Hypotheek.....................................................................................................................................................38
Pand..............................................................................................................................................................38
Verbintenissenrecht...................................................................................................................39
Soorten verbintenissen.................................................................................................................................40
Overeenkomsten..........................................................................................................................................40
DE KOOPOVEREENKOMST..........................................................................................................42
De huurovereenkomst................................................................................................................43
Aansprakelijkheidsrecht...............................................................................................................................43
Aansprakelijkheid eigen daad.......................................................................................................................44
Aansprakelijkheid voor daden van derden...................................................................................................44
Aansprakelijkheid voor zaken en dieren.......................................................................................................44
Foutloze aansprakelijkheid...........................................................................................................................44
OEFENINGEN..............................................................................................................................45
3. GERECHTERLIJK RECHT..................................................................................................51
Fundamentele principes van de rechtspraak..............................................................................51
Beginselen van het procesrecht..................................................................................................51
Organisatie van de rechterlijke macht........................................................................................51
Rechtbanken eerste aanleg :........................................................................................................................52
Organisatie van de rechterlijke macht..........................................................................................................52
Rechterlijke organisatie in strafzaken.........................................................................................52
Rechterlijke organisatie in burgerlijke en ondernemingszaken...................................................52
Vrederechter.................................................................................................................................................52
Rechtbank van eerste aanleg........................................................................................................................52
FAMILIE –EN JEUGDRECHTBANK.................................................................................................53
Jeugdrechtbank.............................................................................................................................................53
Fiscale rechtbank........................................................................................................................53
Ondernemingsrechtbank............................................................................................................53
Arrondissementsrechtbank........................................................................................................53
Hof van beroep...........................................................................................................................54
Hof van Cassatie.........................................................................................................................54
Andere organen..........................................................................................................................54
VERLOOP VAN GERECHTELIJKE PROCEDURE...............................................................................54
BEWIJSREGELING........................................................................................................................55
Bemiddeling...............................................................................................................................55
Rechterlijke organisatie in strafzaken.........................................................................................55
OEFENINGEN..............................................................................................................................56
4. HET ONDERNEMINGSRECHT..........................................................................................58
BASISBEGRIPPEN ondernemingsrecht........................................................................................58
Ondernemer.................................................................................................................................................58
Voorwaarden................................................................................................................................................59
, Bewijsregeling...............................................................................................................................................59
Specifieke contracten.................................................................................................................59
Rechten van schuldeisers............................................................................................................59
Procedure gerechtelijke reorganisatie.........................................................................................................59
Faillissement...............................................................................................................................59
VENNOOTSCHAPPEN..................................................................................................................60
Waarom een vennootschap oprichten?.......................................................................................................60
4 Vennootschapsvormen..............................................................................................................................60
Financieel plan............................................................................................................................60
De BV (Besloten vennootschap)...................................................................................................................61
De NV............................................................................................................................................................61
Basisbegrippen economisch recht..............................................................................................61
WER, boek VI: marktpraktijken en consumentenbescherming....................................................................61
Marktpraktijken en consumentenbescherming...........................................................................................61
Economische mededinging (WER)................................................................................................................61
3 grote doelstellingen:..................................................................................................................................61
OEFENINGEN..............................................................................................................................62
6. STAATSRECHT...............................................................................................................64
Begrip:........................................................................................................................................64
Kenmerken belgische staat.........................................................................................................64
DEMOCRATISCHE STAAT.............................................................................................................64
SCHEIDING DER MACHTEN.........................................................................................................64
REPRESENTATIEVE INSTELLINGEN...............................................................................................64
PARLEMENTAIR REGIME.............................................................................................................64
RECHTSTAAT...............................................................................................................................64
ERFELIJKE MONARCHIE...............................................................................................................65
Erfelijke monarchie (Saksen-Coburgs), Koning der Belgen..........................................................................65
Grondwettelijke monarchie..........................................................................................................................65
FEDERALE STAAT........................................................................................................................65
De federale overheid..................................................................................................................65
De wetgevende macht..................................................................................................................................65
De uitvoerende macht..................................................................................................................................65
De rechterlijke macht...................................................................................................................................65
Het federaal parlement..............................................................................................................65
Functioneel bicameralisme...........................................................................................................................65
Kiesvoorwaarden voor stemmen parlement:...............................................................................................66
Bevoegdheden..............................................................................................................................................66
De koning...................................................................................................................................66
GRONDWETTELIJKE BEVOEGDHEDEN KONING...........................................................................66
De federale regering...................................................................................................................67
Statuut ministers...........................................................................................................................................67
Bevoegdheden..............................................................................................................................................67
Raad van state............................................................................................................................67
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