Summary IB Environmental Systems and Societies (ESS) - Topic 3. 3. Biodiversity and Conservation
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Course
IB Environmental Systems and Societies
Institution
Bachillerato
Book
Ib Environmental Systems and Societies 2015
The following document contains summarised notes taken on Topic 3. Biodiversity and conservation. This includes: 3.1 An introduction to biodiversity, 3.2 O rigins of biodiversity, 3.3 Threats to biodiversity and 3.4 Conservation of biodiversity . The use of colourful images, graphs, charts and text...
,3.1 An introduction to biodiversity
3.1.1 What and where is biodiversity
Biodiversity : the variety of all life on Earth .
It includes genetic diversity species diversity
,
and habitat diversity
The highest biodiversity is around the
equator and the tropics .
The lowest towards the poles .
Higher biodiversity ,
fewer limiting factors
↳
Age of area :
older , higher
↳ Environmental
stability : disturbances cause less colonisation and adaptation
↳ Range of habitats .
altitude ,
vertical extent ,
latitude ,
rock and soil
Benefits
↳ domino effect ↳ositiue feedback)
↳ education and research
↳ genetic diversity imporant for evolution
↳ recreational
↳ financial
, 3.1.2 Species diversity
able to produce fertile
Species have to be a
offspring
Species diversity : the number
of different species in a
given area
taking into account
the richness and evenness of the species .
Richness in the number
of different species in one area
Eneness is the relative abundance of the
species
Simpson Diversity Index to
compare communities
: over time or
space
D= NIN 1) / In In 1)-
-
I ↳ t
number of
simp on of organisms found
Number of
of
diversity species individuals
index a species
Not realistic when comparing different ecosystems
Importance of species diversity
.
: no evolution , species don't interact , systems don't function
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