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Chapter 23: Caring for the Child With a Respiratory Condition Nursing School Test Banks
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Chapter 23: Caring for the Child With a Respiratory Condition Nursing School Test Banks
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Chapter 23: CarŤng for the Search … ChŤld WŤth a RespŤratory
CondŤtŤon NursŤng School
Test Banks
Chapter 23: Caring for the Child With a Respiratory
Condition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which statement by the nursing student indicates a
correct understanding of the anatomy and physiology of
the respiratory system?
A. Air passes through the trachea into the bronchus.
B. Oxygen exchange with the bloodstream occurs in the
veins.
C. Oxygen passes from the larynx to the pharynx.
D. The bronchus divides into smaller branches or acini.
1/41
,ANS: A
The oxygen passes from the pharynx to the larynx. From
the larynx, air passes through the trachea, which branches
into the left and right bronchi. Each bronchus divides into
smaller branches called bronchioles. The bronchioles end in
a cluster of air sacs called acini. Oxygen exchange with the
bloodstream occurs in the capillaries.
Cognitive Level: Knowledge/Remembering
Content Area: Pediatrics/Maternity
Patient Needs: Physiological Integrity: Physiological
Adaptation
Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning
Difficulty: Easy
PTS: 1
2. The pediatric nurse explains to the parents of a 1-year-
old patient with pneumonia that the differences between
the adults and childs respiratory system affect function
and subsequent respiratory conditions. Which difference
does the nurse include in the discussion with the patients
parents?
A. Infants are obligate nose breathers until 6 months of
age.
B. The epiglottis in the child under 8 is shorter and more
rigid.
C. The larynx and the glottis are higher in the younger
childs neck.
D. In the child, there are more functional muscles in the
neck and less soft tissue.
ANS: C
Until about age 4 weeks, infants are obligate nose
breathers and do not open their mouths to breathe. The
epiglottis in the younger (usually age 8 years and younger)
child is longer and flaccid (floppy), which makes it more
susceptible to swelling. The larynx and the glottis are
higher in the younger childs neck, which makes the child
more prone to aspiration. There are fewer functional
muscles in the neck, and the increased amount of soft
tissue makes the younger child more susceptible to
infection and edema.
2/41
,Cognitive Level: Knowledge/Remembering
Content Area: Pediatrics/Maternity
Patient Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning
Difficulty: Easy
PTS: 1
3. The pediatric nurse examines a neonate and documents
that the baby is pink in color when crying but turns bluish
when quiet. Which question would be most appropriate to
ask the parent?
A. Does the baby have trouble when eating?
B. Have your other children had this problem?
C. How many respiratory infections has she had?
D. You dont ever prop her bottle, do you?
ANS: A
Choanal atresia is a congenital malformation of the nose in
which there is blockage of the posterior side of the nose.
It often is associated with bony abnormalities and may
affect one side or both sides of the nose. A child with
bilateral choanal atresia usually displays respiratory
problems during development. A newborn who is pink in
color when crying, yet turns bluish when quiet should be
suspected of having bilateral choanal atresia or another
defect impeding the nasal airway. Another sign of this
disorder is feeding difficulties and resultant lack of weight
gain. Because this is not genetic, asking about other
children with the condition is irrelevant. The number of
respiratory infections will not give information as to the
possible diagnosis. Because of the potential for aspiration,
the baby should be fed in a semi-upright to upright
position; however, the wording of the question might make
the parent feel defensive.
Cognitive Level: Application/Applying
Content Area: Pediatrics/Maternity
Patient Needs: Physiological Integrity: Physiological
Adaptation
Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Assessment
Difficulty: Moderate
3/41
, PTS: 1
4. A school-age child has asthma and lives in a home where
both parents smoke. The nurse has provided extensive
education to the parents on the dangers of second-hand
smoke. Which assessment by the nurse indicates that goals
for a family nursing diagnosis have been met?
A. Childs clothing no longer smells of cigarette smoke
B. Father states he has quit smoking; mother has cut down
C. Parents state they smoke only in the basement now
D. Significant decrease in asthma attacks over a year
ANS: D
An important goal for this family is understanding how to
avoid exposing their child to second-hand smoke. The only
objective assessment data to show that the child is not
exposed to smoke is the decrease in asthma attacks the
child has had in the last year. New clothing will not smell
like smoke; if the mother continues to smoke even in lesser
amounts, the child will still be exposed; and smoking
anywhere in the house pollutes all the air in the house.
Cognitive Level: Evaluating/Evaluation
Content Area: Pediatrics/Maternity
Client Needs Category: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Evaluation
Difficulty: Easy
PTS: 1
5. A 4-year-old girl is brought to the emergency
department. She has a frog-like croaking sound on
inspiration, is agitated, and is drooling. She insists on
sitting upright. Which nursing action is the priority for this
patient?
A. Maintain the airway.
B. Obtain a throat culture.
C. Start an intravenous line.
D. Transport for a chest x-ray.
ANS: A
Airway, breathing, and circulation are the primary concerns
for all patients. When a patient has acute respiratory
distress, the most important nursing intervention is
4/41
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