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Summary Grade 9: NS: Revision
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Cells as the basic unit of life:Plant and animal cells
Animal and plant cells consist of the following:
1. Membrane
2. Cytoplasm
3. Nucleus
4. Organelles
Plants Cells Animal Cell Nucleus
Basic structure
Membrane
Outer boundary/ surrounds the cell
Selectively permeable – allows certain substances in and out
Cytoplasm
Jelly like substance
Acts as a solvent for complex substances and materials
A medium for chemical reactions to take place
Nucleus
Contains DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)
DNA carries genetic code for cell reproduction
DNA carries inherited characteristics: eye colour, freckles, hair colour etc.
DNA is unique to each person and allows for variation in species
Controls functions and processes of the cell
Organelles
Mitochondria
• Cellular respiration occurs here and releases energy
• The Powerhouse of the cell
• Animal and plant cells
Vacuoles
• Fluid filled sac
• Surrounded by a membrane
• Stores sugars, salts and water
• Larger in plants and very few small ones or none in animal cells
Chloroplast
• Plant cells ONLY
• Chlorophyll (green pigment) – allows photosynthesis to happen
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