Other
reasons why people may experience additional needs unit 12 assignment
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Health and social care unit 12: supporting individuals with additional needs.Explain diagnostic procedures
Case study 1 Child Case study 2 Adult
Mild disability an individual Rebecca has a severe Ben has a profound
can generally learn to read physical disability. learning disability.
and write and basic maths
skills between a 3rd and 6th
grade level, they may live
independently and need
support with things like
getting a job. They may
need extra time to fully
understand something.
Moderate disability
individuals who have a
moderate disability may be
able to learn functional
skills such as safety and
self-help they may require
supervision they will have
basic reading and writing
skills. They may find daily
living activities like
dressing themselves more
complicated, they may
have basic language skills
to explain how they are
feeling or what they want.
Severe disability someone
with a severe learning
disability would normally
be diagnosed at birth or in
early childhood, they
generally will have little or
no speech and will
perhaps communicate
through gestures rather
than words. they find it
difficult to learn new things,
they need support with
daily activities such as
,dressing, washing, eating
and keeping safe they will
have difficulty with social
skills and need lifelong
support.
Profound a profound
disability would need
intensive support they may
be able to communicate by
verbal or other means may
have a medical condition
that requires ongoing
nursing therapy.
MRI (magnetic resonance Firstly the patients Ben has type 2 diabetes
imaging) is a process that breathing is assessed as this would be diagnosed
uses strong magnetic this can show signs of with a blood or urine test
fields and radio waves to damage to the diaphragm, but is often accidently
create detailed images of secondly a physical exam diagnosed as it shows up
the inside of the body. It of the spine will be when being tested for
can almost examine any performed, during these other problems once
part of the body, including processes the spine is kept results have been received
the brain and spinal cord, in a neck or back brace to the doctor will put the
bones and joints, breasts, protect any injuries until patient on relevant
heart and blood vessels, the diagnostics are medication and discuss the
internal organs, such as completed. There are importance of life style
the liver and womb or scans that can be done to choices, they may refer
prostate gland. The patient confirm if a patient has any you on to a dietitian and
will lie on a flatbed that’s damage such as MRI, CT also a diabetes course,
moved into the scanner, scans and X-Rays. patients will have to
either head or feet first monitor their sugar intake
depending on the part of after diagnosis.
the body being scanned.
The scan is longer than the The diagnosis for Down’s
others, lasting anywhere Syndrome can start during
from 15 to 90 minutes, the pregnancy by several
depending on the size of tests carried out at certain
the area being scanned times. All pregnant women
and how many images are are offered a screening
taken. Extensive research test between ten to
has been carried out into fourteen weeks of their
whether the magnetic pregnancy. This test is
fields and radio waves called the ‘combined’ test
used during MRI scans as it tests for Down’s,
could pose a risk to the Edward’s and Patau’s
human body which no syndrome (however the
, evidence has been found women can choose what
to suggest there’s a risk, she tests for) and it
which means MRI scans involves an ultrasound and
are one of the safest blood tests this causes no
medical procedures harm to the mother or the
available. MRI scans may baby. Depending on
not be recommended for whether the results show a
patients with a metal higher or lower chance
implant fitted, such as a determines if other tests
pacemaker or artificial are offered. If the women
joint. appears at a higher
chance, she will be offered
CT (computed a diagnostic test, such as
tomography) is a process amniocentesis or chorionic
that uses X-rays and the villus sampling (CVS) to
use of a computer to tell her for certain whether
produce detailed images of or not the baby has
the inside of the body. CT Down’s Syndrome,
scans are different to MRI however a diagnostic test
scans because they use does come with a risk of
radiation. They can be miscarriage (6). These
used to diagnose tests don’t have to be
conditions including taken if the mother wishes
damage to bones, injuries not to, in which case the
to internal organs, diagnosis would be done
problems with blood flow, after the birth. A diagnosis
stroke, and cancer. They after birth is often based
are used to gather on physical the physical
information on tumours, appearance and physical
including monitoring signs. However, some
treatments and allow a baby’s may not have these
doctor to take an accurate symptoms, and some the
biopsy. These scans are of them are common in the
not used for screening. CT general population, the
scans are a small risk of health care provider would
developing cancer in the take a blood sample to
future (less than 1 in check the number of
2,000). During the scan, chromosomes and confirm
the patient will lie on a bed the diagnosis.
that passes into the CT
scanner which is a ring A GP usually makes a
that rotates around a small diagnosis of a learning
section of the body as they disability, but it is often
pass through it. Unlike an parents or teachers who
MRI, it doesn’t surround first become aware that a
the whole body which can child is having difficulties in
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